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AN OVERVIEW OF THE DEVELOPMENT
OF PHYSICS
Ancient roots
Classical physics
Modern physics
DEVELOPMENT OF FUNDAMENTALS IN
PHYSICS
Newtonian Mechanics
Position, velocity and
acceleration
Newton’s
equation of motion
Energy and work
Hamilton
formalism
Lagrange formalism and the
principle of least action
Rotational motion
Kepler’s laws of planetary
motion
Units of physical quantities
Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer
Temperature and pressure
Heat and Heat Transfer
The first law of thermodynamics
Thermal properties of gases
Thermodyanmics
The second law of thermodynamics
The kinetic theory of gases
Principles of Optics and
Acoustics
Principles of optics
Principles of acoustics
Propagation of sound
Group velocity, phase velocity,
and the Doppler effect
Electricity and Magnetism
Electricity
Magnetism
Electrostatics and
magnetostatics
Relation between electricity and
magnetism
Unification of electricity and
magnetism
Vector fields and vector
calculus
Energy of electromagnetic fields
Unification of the
electromagnetism and the optics
Electromagnetic potentials
Systems of units
PHYSICAL SYSTEMS AND LAWS
Symmetry Principles and
Conservation Laws
Geometrical Symmetry of Shapes
or Patterns
Geometrical Principles of
Symmetry or Invariance and
Physical Laws
Conservation Laws and Invariance
Principles
Charge Conservation
Discrete Symmetries of Charged
Systems
Spontaneous Broken Symmetry
Special and General Relativity
Special relativity
Lorentz Transformations and
Relativistic Four-vectors
Relativistic Dynamics
General Relativity
Statistical Physics
Isolated Systems
Closed Systems
Open Systems
Equilibrium between Phases
Partition Functions
Fluctuations
Open Systems Away from
Equilibrium
Complex Systems and Non-linear
Dynamics
Attractors
Bifurcations
Entrainments
Fractals
Chaos
PARTICLES AND FIELDS
Elementary and Fundamental
Particles
Elementary Particles before 1970
Detections of Particles
Elementary Particles after 1970
Types of Interactions
Violation of Space-time
Inversion Symmetries
Atoms, Molecules and Nuclei
Molecules
Nuclei
Radioactive Nuclei
Nuclear Reactions
Fission and Fusion
Electromagnetic Waves and Fields
QUANTUM SYSTEMS
Quantum Mechanical Laws
Stationary States of Quantum
Systems
Stationary states of a freely
moving particle.
Stationary states of a particle
in an infinitely high square
potential.
Stationary states of a particle
in a harmonic oscillator
potential in one-dimensional
space
Stationary states of a particle
in a harmonic oscillator
potential in three-dimensional
space.
Stationary states of a charged
particle in a coulomb potential.
Barrier problems
Nuclear alpha decays
Atoms, Molecules and Solids
Atoms
Molecules
Solids
Phonons
Superconductivity and
superfluidity
Superfluidity
Interaction of Radiation with
Matter
Gauge Invariance and the Minimal
Coupling of the Electromagnetic
Field with Charged Particles
QUANTUM SYSTEMS
Origin and development of quantum mechanics
Wave-particle Duality
Quantum Mechanics in a Space of
States
Phase Space Formulation
Wigner Function
Properties of the Wigner
Function
Time Evolution of the Wigner
Function
Tomograms and Probability
Representation
Bose-Einstein condensates
Identical Particles
Bose-Einstein Condensation
Cooling of Atoms
Absorption and Emission of Light
Doppler Cooling
Sisyphus Cooling
Evaporative Cooling
Quantum theory of information
Quantum Computation
Qubits and Quantum Algorithms
Entanglement
Quantum Communications and Cryptography
Quantum Teleportation
Dense Coding
STATIONARY STATES IN A POTENTIAL
WELL
Stationary Orbits in Old Quantum Mechanics
Quantized Planetary Atomic Model
Bohr’s Hypotheses and Quantized
Circular Orbits
From Quantized Circles to
Elliptical Orbits
Experimental Proof of the
Existence of Atomic Stationary
States
Stationary States in Wave Mechanics
The Schrödinger Equation
The Dynamical Phase
The Schrödinger Wave
Stationarity
Stationary Schrödinger States
and Classical Orbits
Stationary States as Sturm-Liouville
Eigenfunctions
The
Infinite Square Well: The
Stationary States Most
Resembling the Standing Waves on
a String
1D Parabolic Well: The Stationary States of the Quantum Harmonic
Oscillator
The Solution of the Schrödinger
Equation
The Normalization Constant
Final Formulas for the HO
Stationary States
The Algebraic Approach: Creation
and Annihilation Operators
HO Spectrum Obtained from
Wilson-Sommerfeld Quantization
Condition
The 3D Coulomb Well: The
Stationary States of the
Hydrogen Atom
The Separation of Variables in
Spherical Coordinates
The Angular Separation Constants
as Quantum Numbers
The Azimuthal Solution and the
Magnetic Quantum Number
The Polar Solution and the
Orbital Quantum Number
The Space Quantization
Polar and Azimuthal Solutions
Set Together
The Radial Solution and the
Principal Quantum Number
Final Formulas for the Hydrogen
Atom Stationary States
Electronic Probability Density
Other 3D Coordinate Systems
Allowing Separation of Variables
The 3D Parabolic Well: The
Stationary States of the
Isotropic Harmonic Oscillator
Stationary Bound States in the Continuum
ORDER AND DISORDER IN NATURE
Structure of Solids and Liquids
Crystalline Structure of Solids
Liquids
Phase Transitions and
Spontaneous Broken Symmetry
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking
Order Parameter
Non-equilibrium Processes
AN INTRODUCTION TO AND OVERVIEW
OF FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICS
Review of different areas of physics
Basic Concepts in Physics
Physical Systems and Laws
Particles and Fields
Quantum Systems
Order and Disorder in Nature
Nuclear Processes
Contemporary Physics
Future Directions in Physics
Economical and Social Implications of physics
HISTORICAL REVIEW OF ELEMENTARY
CONCEPTS IN PHYSICS
Newtonian Physics
Electricity Magnetism and Optics
Thermodynamics
Quantum Mechanics
Theory of Relativity
Final Remarks
EVOLUTION OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLE
PHYSICS IN THE 20TH CENTURY
Atoms, Nuclei and Radioactivity
Ultraviolet and Atomic
Catastrophes
Quantum Mechanics
Quantum Theory of Complex Atoms
Nuclear Structure
Relativity and Quantum Mechanics
The Force Messengers
The Weak Force
The Lepton and Baryon Families
The Quark Model
The Unified Theory
Quantum Chromodynamics
What comes next?
MECHANICS OF SOLIDS
Historical Notes
General Considerations
Clasical Theory of Elasticity
Beams and Plates
Body and Surface Waves
The Navier Equations
Fracture
Finite Elasticity
Computational Mechanics
Granular Materials
ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM
Electrostatics
Electrical Conduction
Magnetostatics and
Electromagnetism
Electromagnetic Induction
Maxwell Equations
Electromagnetic Waves
Mathematical Appendix
PRINCIPLES OF OPTICS
Geometrical Optics
Fermat=s Principle and Law of
Refraction
First Order Optics
Aberrations
Wave Optics
Diffraction
Young=s Double Slit
Interferometeres and Coherence
of Light Sources
Photon or Quantum Optics
Optical Instruments
Magnifiers
Ophthalmic Lenses
Telescopes and Microscopes
Medical Optical Instruments
Projectors
Optical Metrology and
Interferometry
Main Interferometers Used in
Metrology
Newton
Rings and Fizeau Interferometer
Twyman-Green Interferometer
Ronchi and Lateral Shear
Interferometers
Holography
Thin Holograms
Thick Holograms
Interferometric Holography
Lasers
Laser Principles
Laser Types
Laser Applications
Applications of Optics
Optics in Astronomy and Physics
Optics in Medicine and Life
Sciences
Optics in Industry
Optics in Telecommunications
PRINCIPLES OF ACOUSTICS
History
Basic Concepts
What is Sound?
Characteristics of a Wave
Intensity of Sound
Pitch
Mathematical Description
Speed of Sound
Doppler Effect
Reflection and Refraction
Interference and Superposition
Standing Waves
Timbre, Modes and Harmonics
Diffraction
The Ear
Outer Ear
Middle Ear
Inner Ear
Applications
Ultrasound
Medicine
Noise Control
Meteorology and Seismology
Harmonic Synthesis
Architecture and Design
Speech and Voice
Recording and Reproduction
Other
HISTORY OF NOBEL LAUREATES IN
PHYSICS
Atomic and
Particle Physics
Quantum
Mechanics
Condensed
Matter
Astrophysics
Thermodynamics and Statistical
Mechanics
Development
of Experimental Methods and
Technology
On
the nature of light and its
applications
On
the insight into microscopic and
nanoscopic dimensions
On
the study of matter through
spectroscopy
On
the study of particles and atoms
On
the study of atomic magnetism
On
the advances of technology and
our everyday life
LAWS OF PHYSICAL SYSTEMS
Concepts, Theory and Experiments
Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Cosmology
General Relativity
Loop Quantum Gravity
String Theory
M-Theory and Holography
Emergent Phenomena
Plasmas
Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics
Complex Systems and Chaos
SYMMETRY PRINCIPLES AND
CONSERVATION LAWS
Symmetries and Conservation
Laws; Noether’s Theorem
Internal Symmetries in Physics
Symmetries and Mathematics
Discrete Symmetries: P
and C
Isospin and SU(2)
The Group SU(3) and the
quark model
Gauge symmetries and fundamental
interactions
Symmetry and Observables
TYPES OF INTERACTIONS
Description of Interactions in
Quantum Mechanics and Quantum
Field Theory
The Action Principle
Symmetries of the Action
Canonical and Path Integral
Quantization
Space-Time Symmetries and Their
Representations
Gauge Symmetries and
Interactions
Gauge Symmetry of Matter Fields
Gauge Symmetry of Gauge Fields
Conformal Invariance
Gauge Symmetries and
Quantization
The Known Fundamental
Interactions of Nature
The Electromagnetic Interaction
The Electroweak Interaction
The Strong Interaction
The Gravitational Interaction
Unification of Interactions
A Theory of Everything?
SPECIAL AND GENERAL RELATIVITY
Relativity in physics
General relativity
Contemporary developments circa 2004
COMPLEX SYSTEMS AND NON-LINEAR
DYNAMICS
Complex Systems
Non-Linear Dynamics and Chaos
Topics Involved
Hamiltonian chaos
Dissipative chaos
Non-linear dynamics and chaos in
physiology
Control and synchronization of
chaos
PLASMAS
Astrophysical plasmas
Introduction
Bright and dark clouds in the
interstellar medium
The formation of low mass stars
and planets
The solar wind and coronal mass
ejections
Geophysical plasmas
Introduction
Auroras
Lightning
Volcanic lightning
Laboratory plasmas
Introduction
Fusion Plasmas
Magnetic confinement
Inertial confinement
Cold plasmas
Laser Plasmas
ELEMENTARY AND FUNDAMENTAL
PARTICLES
Historical, Semantic and Formal Aspects
Elementary Today
Interactions and Fundamental Symmetries
A Bit of Formalism
Final Remarks
MOLECULES, ATOMS, AND NUCLEI
Atoms
The Quantum Formalism
The Spin
Multielectron Atoms
The Periodic Table
Manipulation of Atoms
Molecules
Chemical Bonding
Ionic and Covalent Bonds
Molecular Energy Spectra
Nuclei
Nuclear Masses and Abundances
Nuclear Models
The Liquid Drop Model
The Shell Model
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