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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF EARTH AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOLOGICAL,PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES,ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES,ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF WATER SCIENCES,ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ENERGY SCIENCES,ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGICAL SCIENCES,ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HUMAN RESOURCES POLICY AND MANAGEMENT ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NATURAL RESOURCES POLICY AND MANAGEMENT ENCYCLOPEDIA OF DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC RESOURCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF INSTITUTIONAL AND INFRASTRUCTURAL RESOURCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF TECHNOLOGY,INFORMATION, AND SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT RESOURCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF REGIONAL SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT REVIEWS

The above simplified figure illuminates the essential interconnectedness of the sixteen component encyclopedias of EOLSS.

 In the real world, the various knowledge domains do not exist in isolation from each other. They form an integrated whole, with links in all directions. It is well known that all forms of human knowledge are inter-connected and inter-related. EOLSS mimics this complexity, the automatic inter-connectedness of the various subject categories facilitating navigation through the vast landscape of EOLSS knowledge. This provides the user with an effective and efficient tool to search, navigate and browse through each of the component encyclopedias, through any combination of the sixteen, or through the whole of EOLSS.

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ENERGY SCIENCES,ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES

SUBJECT INDEX (partial listing)

THERMAL TO MECHANICAL ENERGY CONVERSION ENGINES AND REQUIREMENTS

atomic station.

blade

cogeneration

combustion

cycle

emission

engine

fuel

gas

gas turbine

heat

jet engine

noise

parameters

piston engine

power station

pressure

pressure ratio

rocket engine

temperature

thermal efficiency

thermodynamics

turbojet

Power

COMBUSTION PROCESS AND COMBUSTION PRODUCTS FOR DIFFERENT ORGANIC FUELS. EMISSION PROBLEM

diffusion

emission

flame front propagation

fuel combustion

ignition

oxidation reaction

HEAT TRANSFER IN ENGINES

engines

heat exchange

heat protection

intensification

power plants

Heat transfer

FUNDAMENTALS OF THE HEAT TRANSFER THEORY

conduction

convection

radiation

Heat transfer

THERMAL PROTECTION OF POWER PLANTS

block cooling

jet cooling

porous cooling

thermal protection

Heat transfer

HEAT EXCHANGE APPARATUS

classification

heat exchangers

hydraulic calculation

thermal calculation

Heat transfer

HEAT TRANSFER ENHANCEMENT

intensification

pressure losses

rough surface

swirlers mounted

Heat transfer

THERMODYNAMIC CYCLES OF RECIPROCATING AND ROTARY ENGINES

reversible process

carnot cycle

combined engine

diesel cycle

heat

otto cycle

reciprocating engine

rotary engine

stirling cycle

thermal efficiency

thermodynamic cycle

thermodynamic process

trinkler cycle

work

THERMODYNAMIC CYCLES OF POWER AND TRANSPORT GAS TURBINE ENGINES

closed cycle

combustion chamber

compressor

dissociating gases

gas turbine

gas turbine engine

gas turbine unit

intercooler

interheater

low boiling substances

magnetohydrodynamic generator

open cycle

regenerator

semiclosed cycle

steam-gas unit.

thermodynamic cycle

THERMODYNAMIC CYCLES OF AVIATION GAS TURBINE ENGINES

adiabatic process

air-breathing jet engines

compression

expansion

preheat

Thermodynamic cycle

THERMODYNAMIC CYCLES OF DIRECT AND PULSED - PROPULSION ENGINES

air-breathing engine

turbojet.

Thermodynamics

THERMODYNAMIC CYCLES OF ROCKET ENGINES

chemical propellant

combustion products

condensed phase.

cycle thermal efficiency

discharge velocity

dissociation

energy dissipation

enthalpy

entropy

geometric expansion ratio

heat

heat capacity

ideal cycle

isentropic exponent

isobar

isochor

isotherm

pressure

recombination

specific volume

temperature

work

Rocket engine

NOISE PROBLEMS

acoustic performance

decibel

force of a sound

frequency

generator of sound

levels of noise

noise

noise muffling

norms of a noise

octave

perceived noise

radiant of a noise

sound

sound absorption

sound field

sound insulation

sound power

sound pressure

sound wave

spectrum

PISTON INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Actual Cycles

Air

Automotive Engine Operating Modes

Blow Down

Boost Air

Boosting

Carburetor

Charging

Circular Gas-Exchange Diagram

Combined Supercharging System

Combustion Chamber

Combustion Process

Compression

Compression Ignition (Diesel Engine)

Compressor

Cooler

Cooling Systems

Crank Mechanism

Crankshaft

Crankshaft Revolution Angle

Diesel Engine

Effective

Efficiency

Electronic Control Block

Energy Balance

Engine

Exhaust

Exhaust Gases

Expansion

External

External Mixture Formation

Filling Efficiency

Four-Stroke

Free Exhaust

Fuel

Fuel Injector

Fuel Pump

Gas

Gas Turbine

Heat Engine

High Pressure Fuel Pump

Indicated

Intake

Internal

Internal Combustion Engines

Lean mixture

Liter Specific Power

Load

Main casting

Mechanical

Mixture formation

Petrol

Piston

Reach mixture

Receiver

Resonance supercharging

Scavenging

Spark Ignition

Spark-plug

Speed

Stationary engines

Stoichiometric mixture

Stroke

Supercharge

Throttle valve

Transport engines

Turbine

Turbo-charging

Two-stroke

Valve

Valve Timing Phases

Water cooler

Water pump

Water radiator

Working

Working Stroke

A Piston-Type Internal Combustion Engine

STIRLING ENGINE

accumulator

air excess coefficient

air-fuel mixture

air-fuel mixture

alpha

automatic control system

beta and gamma-coupling

carnots cycle

closed regenerative cycle

combustion chamber

control characteristic

controlled parameter

cycles work

cylinder

displacer piston

driven kinematics mechanism

efficiency

electrogenerator

electronic unit

engine of Stirling

external rate characteristic

external supply of heat

free-pistoned engine

fuel injection system

fuel pump

heat engine

heats regeneration

horsepower

hot and cold spaces

hydraulic losses

injector

leakages

mean cycles pressure

microcomputer

non-traditional sources of energy

phase angle of advance

piston

power piston

reciprocate mowing

recuperative and regenerative heat exchangers

rhombic driving mechanism

rollsock seal

rotational speed of engine shaft

sensor

single and double-acting engines

sun power utilization

swashplate

thermodynamic cycle of Stirling

thermoelectric power station

throttle

timing control

toxic substances emission

valve

working fluids

GAS TURBINE ENGINES FOR MARINE AND ROAD TRANSPORT

auxiliary power unit

aviation engine

braking

combined power unit

combustion chamber

compressor

construction

diagram

driving unit

efficiency

environment protection

fuel economy

gas generator

gas turbine

heat recovery contour

hovercraft

hydroplane (hydrofoil)

intercooler

locomotive engine

model

operation

parameter

pitch propeller

power

power plant

problems

prospect

reverse (backward)

ship engine

specific fuel consumption

thermodynamic cycle

transport

variable turbine nozzle

working (thermal) scheme

Automobile engine

GAS TURBINE AND WIND TURBINE ENGINES FOR POWER STATIONS

atomic power station

auxiliary unit

base load

capital cost

combined unit

emergency unit

environment protection

fuel

fuel efficiency

gas turbine unit

gas-cooled reactor

gasification

kinematic scheme

maneuverability

noise level

nuclear fuel

parameter

peak load

running time

semi-peak load

single power

solar unit

steam turbine unit

thermal unit diagram

thermodynamic cycle

toxicity

waste heat

wind-turbine unit

air-accumulating gas turbine unit

GAS TURBINE AND WIND TURBINE ENGINES FOR MECHANICAL DRIVES

acceleration capability

automobile engine

aviation engine

chemical factory

combined engine

driving unit

environment protection

fuel, gas-compressor unit

gas pipeline

gas turbine unit

hovercraft

hydroplane (hydrofoil)

industrial unit

locomotive engine

metallurgical work

noise of engine

oil refining factory

parameter

reverse (backward)

ship engine

thermodynamic cycle

variable mode

wheel and track machines

wind-turbine unit

working (thermal) scheme

SUPERSONIC AIRCRAFT ENGINES

air-feed jet engine

supersonic diffuser

supersonic flow

LIQUID PROPELLANT ROCKET ENGINES

chamber

combustion products

cooling

density

engine installation

gas generator

liquid rocket engine

liquid rocket propellant

pressure

specific impulse

specific mass

supply system

temperature

thrust

turbopump assembly

SOLID PROPELLANT ROCKET ENGINES

aspect ratio

cartridge

combustion chamber

control

ignition

nozzle

pressure

regime

solid propellant load

temperature

thrust

PERIODIC - COMBUSTION GAS TURBINE ENGINES (UNITS)

combustion chamber

compressor

engines with chambers of waved type

gas turbine

gas turbine engines with one-valved chambers

gas turbine engines with two-valved chambers

gas turbine of periodic combustion

installation with wave combustors

process of combustion at complete filling of the chamber

process of combustion at constant specific volume

process of combustion with a gas cushion

process of expansion after combustion at v = const

rise of efficiency of engines p = const at periodic combustion on maximum power conditions

thermodynamic cycle

turbine

gas turbine engine

THE HYDROREACTING MARINE SOLID FUEL ROCKET ENGINES

burning process.

combustion chamber

combustion chamber pressure

effective thrust

engine efficiency coefficient

gas cavity

hydro-reacting fuel

injection head

mixture chamber

mixture ratio coefficient

specific impulse

turbo-pump aggregate outflow velocity

water jet engine

hydro-reactive engine

TURBINES

axial turbine

blade

boundary layer

characteristics

condensing turbine

convective cooling

cooling air

cooling efficiency

depth of cooling

efficiency

film cooling

flow passage

gas turbine

gas turbine unit

hydraulic turbine

laminar flow

parameter

pressure stage

radial turbine

reaction degree

reheat

rotor

specific work

stage

stator

steam turbine

steam turbine unit

turbine

turbulent flow

unit

velocity triangle

COMPRESSORS

axial

blade

cascade

circulation

compressor

controlling

degree of reaction

deviation angle

efficiency

gas-dynamic

head

incidence angle

inlet duct

losses

modeling

outlet duct

piston

radial

rotating stall

rotor

screw

stage

stagger angle

stator

surge

vane

vaned diffuser

vaneless diffuser

volume

COMBUSTOR CHAMBERS

air/fuel ratio

atomizer

burner device

combustion

combustion efficiency

combustion liner

combustion products

firing stability

formation of mixture

harmful emissions.

heat and mass transfer

liquid and gaseous fuels

mixer

temperature field

volume (cross-sectional) heat release rate

combustor

PISTON GROUPS

alloy

axes

belt

bottom

boundary conditions

combustion chamber

compressive ring

connecting rod

crank mechanism

crankcase

crankshaft

distribution

gap

groove

heat exchanger

heat rejection

impact scraper ring

lateral

leakage slot

level

lock

loss

lubrication

piston

piston crown

piston head

piston skirt

shear

strength

substitution

surface

valve

wear resistance

REDUCTION GEARS

axle

base pitch

bevel gearing

centre distance

closed transmission

cylindrical gearing

differential gear train

engagement

epicyclic gear train

gear wheel

gear wheel

housing

lubrication

mass

module of tooth

pinion carrier

planet pinion

power

rim

shaft

simple transmission

sun gear

support

teeth

torsion shaft

transmission ratio

NOZZLES OF AIR-BREATHING TURBOJETS

critical cross section.

exhaust units

Nozzle

CONTROL AND FUEL FEED SYSTEMS

accumulator

actuator

air excess coefficient

air-fuel mixture

algorithm of control

automatic control system

automatic control system of regulatory type

carburetor

control characteristic

controlled parameter

diesel engine

electronic unit

element of comparison

engine with forced ignition

external rate characteristic

feedback

fuel injection advance clutch

fuel injection system

fuel pump

gas turbine

governor

governor of direct action

governor of indirect action

heat engine

injection advance angle

injector

microcomputer

piston

rotational speed of engine shaft

sensor

servomotor

solenoid

throttle

timing control

turbo-compressor

valve

LUBRICATION SYSTEMS

Breathing

Circulation

Consumption

Cooling

De-aerator

drainage

Feed

Filter

Friction

Leakage

Line

Oil radiator

Oil tank

Preservation

Pump

Scavenging

Sealing

Transmitter

Viscosity

Oil

HEAT EXCHANGERS

circular power

convective heat transfer coefficient

cooler

drop of pressure

heat flow rate

heat transfer surface

heater

overall heat transfer coefficient

precooler

recuperator

regenerator

temperature difference

heat exchanger

ENERGY CARRIERS AND CONVERSION SYSTEMS WITH EMPHASIS ON HYDROGEN

chemical energy

development of hydrogen energy system safety

electric energy

electrolysis

energy conservation law

energy resources

entropy increasing law

fossil fuels

fuel cells

heat pump

hydrogen production from water

mechanical energy

metalhydrides

nuclear and solar hydrogen energy systems

nuclear energy

photochemcial and photoelectrochemical water-splitting

photolysis

photon energy

potential energy

renewable energy

solid polymer electrolysis

thermochemical water-splitting

PRELIMINARIES OF HYDROGEN ENERGY SYSTEMS

chemical heat pump

fossil fuel

hydrogen fuel

hydrogen utilization

metalhydride

recycle medium

resources

reversible reaction

water-splitting

zero emission

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF HYDROGEN

hydrogen

property

STATISTICS ON HYDROGEN PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION

hydrogen

hydrogen Consumption

hydrogen Production

statistics

INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMS

air-Conditioning

alkaline Fuel Cells

catalytic Combustion

combustion Systems

demonstration Projects

economics

electrolysis

environmental Impact

fuel Cells

H2-O2 Steam Generators

heat Pumps

hydride Storage

hydrogen Distribution

hydrogen Economy

hydrogen Energy System

hydrogen from Coal

hydrogen from Fossil Fuels

hydrogen from Methane

hydrogen from Natural Gas

hydrogen from Oil

hydrogen Production

hydrogen Storage

hydrogen Transport

hydrogen Utilization

hydrogen-Hydride Systems

mechano-Electrolysis

metal Hydride Batteries

mobile Storage Systems

phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells

photoelectrochemical Methods

photolysis

physico-Chemical Storage Systems

pilot Projects

pipeline Transport

proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

refrigeration

safety

sea-Borne Transport

solid Oxide Fuel Cells

spinning Reserve Systems

standards

stationary Storage Systems

storage in Carbon Nanotubes

thermochemical Methods

toxicity

CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AND THE KEY TECHNOLOGIES OF HYDROGEN ENERGY SYSTEMS- AN INTRODUCTORY REVIEW FOR THE BEGINNERS

built-in field

combustion

energy band structure

fuel cell

hopping conduction

hydrogen energy system

hydrogen storage system

hydrogen system civilization

liquid hydrogen

metalhydride

nanomaterials

oxide semiconductor

photoelectrochemical WSS

quantum dot super lattice

sonolysis

thermochemical

thermoelectric WSS

triboelectric WSS

water splitting system (WSS)

key events for energy systems

HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM FOSSIL FUELS

coal

cracking

hydrogen

natural gas

oil

oxidation

reforming

steam Gasification

HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM WATER

direct thermal decomposition

electrolysis

mechano-catalytic splitting

photolysis (photoelectrochemical method)

thermochemical cycles

THERMODYNAMICS OF WATER SPLITTING

Chemical Reaction

Electrolysis

enthalpy

Exergy

Exergy rate

Gibbs free energy

Thermochemical water decomposition

Thermodynamics

Water splitting

Hydrogen production

ALKALINE WATER-ELECTROLYSIS

alkaline

cell

diaphragm

electrocatalyst

electrode

high pressure high temperature electrolyser

hydrogen

Water electrolysis

SPE WATER ELECTROLYSIS AND STEAM ELECTROLYSIS

high temperature steam electrolysis

solid polymer electrolyte

THE

Water electrolysis

SPE

PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL-WATER ELECTROLYSIS SYSTEM

DC-DC converter

electrolyser

electrolysis

hydrogen

photovoltaic cell

solar energy

PV

INNOVATIVE HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM WATER

electrolysis

fermentation

gibb free energy

innovative method

mechano-catalytic method

photobiochemical method

photoelectrochemical method

renewable energy

thermal energy

thermochemical cycle

thermolysis

THERMOCHEMICAL CYCLES

bunsen reaction

IS cycle

mark 1 cycle

one-loop flow

thermochemical cycle

thermochemical hydrogen production

thermochemical water decomposition

UT-3 cycle

THERMOLYSIS

direct water decomposition

high temperature

membrane separation

quenching

thermolysis of water

PHOTOCHEMICAL AND PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL WATER SPLITTING

layered materials

photocatalysis

solar energy conversion

titanium dioxide

water-splitting

photoelectrochemistry

HYDROGEN FROM BIOMASS (1)

biomass

organic waste water

photo-hydrogen production

photosynthetic bacteria

sunlight

HYDROGEN FROM BIOMASS (2)

biomass

biomethanation

gasification

hydrothermal gasification

thermochemical gasification

HYDROGEN SEPARATION AND HANDLING

absorption separation

adsorption separation

burner combustion

deflagration

detonability limits

detonation

explosive damages

explosive hazards

fighting of a fires

fire damages

fire hazards

flammability limits

gaseous hydrogen

hydrogen and natural gas mixture

hydrogen detectors

hydrogen embrittlement

hydrogen fire detectors

hydrogen handling

hydrogen storage alloy

ignition sources

internal combustion engines

liquid hydrogen

low temperature hazards

membrane separation

metal hydrides

partial condensation

pressure swing adsorption (PAS)

prevention of a fire

purification

recovery

safety measures of hydrogen

separation

SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION OF HYDROGEN

Absorption separation

Adsorption separation

Membrane separation.

Metal Hydrides

Palladium membrane processes

Polymer membrane processes

Pressure swing adsorption

Partial condensation

HYDROGEN AND NATURAL GAS MIXTURE

burner combustion of natural Gas

hydrogen

internal combustion engines

HANDLING AND SAFETY OF HYDROGEN

deflagration

detonability limits

detonation

explosion hazards

explosive damage

fighting of a fires

fire damage

fire damages

fire hazards

flammability limits

gaseous hydrogen

hydrogen detectors

hydrogen embrittlement

hydrogen fire detectors

ignition sources

leaked states

liquid hydrogen

low temperature hazards

metal hydrides

prevention of a fire

quenching characteristics

safety measures of hydrogen

HYDROGEN AS A TRANSPORT FUEL: PAST AND PRESENT USAGE

air pollution

aircraft fuel

automotive fuel

chemically bonded storage

engines

flammability limits

fuel cells

hydrogen

metallic hydrogen

railroad fuel

safety

slush hydrogen

storage

transport fuel

VEHICLES WITH HYDROGEN-AIR FUEL CELLS

efficiency

fuel cell

hydrogen

internal combustion engine

propulsion

proton exchange membrane

reformer

vehicle

SOME INFORMATION ON THE HYDROGEN COMBUSTION PROCESS AND ROCKET PROPULSION SYSTEMS

coolant

hydrogen combustion

hydrogen fueled turbine

propellant

property of hydrogen

recuperation cycle

space rocket

supersonic transportation

thrust

HYDROGEN STORAGE

activated carbon

ammonia

atmospheric hydrogen storage tank

carbon nanotube

glass microsphere

graphite nanofiber

heat insulation

hydrogen storage

liquefaction of hydrogen

liquid hydrogen storage

metal hydride

methanol

methylcyclohexane

ortho-para conversion

pressure container (vessel)

pressurized hydrogen

renewable energy

slush hydrogen

spherical hydrogen storage tank

underground storage

zeolite

PRESSURIZED HYDROGEN STORAGE

boyle-Charles' law

compressibility factor

compression heat

detonation

Erhardt method

explosion, combustion

fully-wrapped vessel

gas constant

high-pressure gas cylinder

hoop-wrapped vessel

hydrogen storage vessel

ideal gas

isopiestic specific heat

isovolumic specific heat

mannesmann method

metal hydride

specific heat ratio

HYDROGEN STORAGE BY CHEMICAL HYDRIDES

ammonia

chemical hydride

hydrofullerene

hydrogen storage by organic compound

metal hydride

methanol

methylcyclohexane

nano structure

potassium formate

rare earth metal

sponge iron

HYDROGEN STORAGE BY GLASS MICROSPHERES AND OTHERS

activated carbon

adsorption

bulk density

cage structure

capillary condensation

carbon nanotubes

crystalline porous silica aluminum

glass microspheres

graphite nanofibers

inclusion process

micro-pore surface area

permeability

slit shaped nanopore

specific strength

storage capacity

van der Waals bonding force

zeolite

HYDROGEN LIQUEFACTION

cryogenic adsorption purification

hydrogen liquefaction

ortho-para conversion

pressure swing adsorption method

refining source hydrogen

LIQUID-HYDROGEN STORAGE

insulation of liquid hydrogen tank

liquid hydrogen storage facilities

liquid-hydrogen

selection of liquid hydrogen storage

HYDROGEN TRANSPORTATION

ammonia

batch transportation

booster

compressibility factor

demand/supply adjustment

flow rate coefficient

hydrogen transportation

hydrogen transportation by pipeline

liquid hydrogen

metal hydride

methanol

ocean transportation of hydrogen

pressurized hydrogen

transportation efficiency

WE-NET

TRANSPORTATION OF HYDROGEN BY PIPELINE

booster

demand/supply adjusting mechanisms

gas holder

hydrogen embrittlement

hydrogen molecule

joule-Thomson effect

operation of pipeline

pipe diameter

pipeline design

pipeline longevity

pipeline pressure drop

pipeline transportation capacity

pipeline transportation of gaseous hydrogen

regulator (governor)

slurry hydrogen

underground storage

BATCH-SYSTEMS OF HYDROGEN TRANSPORTATION

atmospheric hydrogen storage tank

heat insulation

hydrogen storage

liquefaction of hydrogen

liquid hydrogen storage

metal hydride

ortho-para conversion

pressure container (vessel)

pressurized hydrogen

slush hydrogen

spherical hydrogen storage tank

underground storage

OCEAN TRANSPORTATION OF HYDROGEN

boil-off gas

heat ingress

hydrogen energy

hydrogen transportation

liquid hydrogen

liquid hydrogen tanker

super insulation

twin-hull ship

AMMONIA ENERGY SYSTEM

ammonia decomposition

ammonia direct use

ammonia energy

ammonia synthesis

ALCOHOL ENERGY SYSTEMS

alcohol

ethanol

methanol

methanol - CO2 reversible tanker

methanol direct use

methanol energy

methanol reforming

methanol synthesis

METAL HYDRIDES

actuator

chemical energy

crystal structure

energy conversion

hydrogen site

hydrogen storage

hydrogen storage alloy

metal hydride

MH heat pomp

Ni-MH batteries

pressure-composition isotherm

pressure-temperature diagram

purification and recovery

thermodynamics

PHYSICS OF METAL HYDRIDES

crystal structures

electronic structures

ternary hydrides

thermodynamic properties

KINDS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF HYDROGEN STORAGE ALLOY

hydriding properties

hydrogen storage alloy

LaNi5H6

metalhydride

Mg2NiH4

P-C-T diagram

TiFeH2

TiMn1.5H2.5

V-based BCC solid solution alloy

METAL HYDRIDE AIR-CONDITIONING

dual-effect MH heat pump

eco-energy city project

heat driven MH heat pump compression-type MH heat pump

heat pump P-T diagram

metal hydride (MH) heat pump

multi-stage MH heat pump

refrigeration heat pump

METAL HYDRIDE BATTERIES

electric vehicle

fuel cell hybrid vehicle

hybrid vehicle

metal hydride electrode

nickel-metal hydride battery

rechargeable battery

OTHER APPLICATIONS (ACTUATOR, HYDROGEN PURIFICATION AND ISOTOPE SEPARATION)

compliance property

deuterium separation

hydrogen purification system

isotope effect

surface poisoning

tritium recovery.

welfare equipment

Metal hydride actuator

FUEL CELL SYSTEMS

AFC

cogeneration

distributed power source

electrochemical reaction

electrode

electrolyte

fuel cell

MCFC

PAFC

PEFC

power generation

SOFC

ELECTROCHEMISTRY OF FUEL CELL

anode

cathode

chemical energy

electrochemical reaction

electrochemistry

electrolyte

electromotive force

fuel cell

hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell

nernst equation

REFORMING SYSTEMS FOR FUEL CELLS

fuel

hydrocarbon

hydrogen

reforming

steam reforming

ALKALINE FUEL CELLS

electrolyte deterioration

free-electrolyte design

high energy density power sources

low temperature operation

matrix design

potassium hydroxide

space Shuttle

space vehicle

PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS

catalyst poisoning

CO removal reactor

fuel cell electric vehicles

humidication methods

ion exchange membrane

low temperature operation

management of the water content

Mea(membrane/electrolyte assembly)

reforming of hydrocarbon fuels

solid polymer electrolyte

PHOSPHORIC ACID FUEL CELLS

biologically produced metane

cell lifetime

CO conveter

cogeneration

degestive gas

heat utilization

hydrogen ion

normal-pressure plant

phosphoric acid

three-phase contact surfaces

MOLTEN CARBONATE FUEL CELLS

alkali metal carbonate

coal gasfication gas

electrolyte loss

external reforming

internal reforming

lithium aluminate

nickel oxide

recycling of CO2

wet seal

SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS

coal gasified gas

cogeneration

high efficiency

high temperature fuel cell

Interconnector

perovskite structure oxides

planer shape

SOFC

tubular shape

YSZ

POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF FUEL CELLS

cogeneration

commercial application

distributed regional installation

electric utility application

emergency-use power supplies

home-use power sources

industrial application

mobile power sources

ENERGY STORAGE

battery

bond energy storage

capacitor bank storage

coal storage

compressed air energy storage

electrical energy storage

energy storing bus drive

flywheel

fuel cell

heat storage

hydrogen energy

hydrogen storage

mechanical energy storage

natural gas storage

nuclear fuel storage

nuclear waste storage

peak shaving in net works

petroleum storage

phase change heat storage

pumped water energy storage

radioactive materials storage

sensible heat storage

solar energy storage

super flywheel

superconducting magnetic energy storage

waste heat storage

Energy storage

RATIONALE OF ENERGY STORAGE AND SUPPLY/DEMAND MATCHING

availability

back-pressure turbine

braking energy

CAES

cogeneration

compressed air energy storage

dynamic programming

exergy

extraction turbine

garbage incineration

geothermal heat

hydraulic accumulator

mixed stores

pumped-hydro

solar heat

STES

stratified stores

supply and demand matching

TES

water-Value Method

STORAGE OF THERMAL ENERGY

bond heat storage

economic aspects of storage systems

latent heat storage

liquid storage media

sensible heat storage

thermal stratification

STORAGE OF SENSIBLE HEAT

aquifer

duct store

ground store

legionary disease

legionellae pneumophilae

regenerator

seasonal storage

storage materials

thermal energy

thermal stratification

STORAGE OF THERMAL ENERGY BY CHANGE OF PHASE

exergy

latent heat

phase change

second law

thermal energy storage

thermodynamics

BOND ENERGY

absorption

adsorption

chemical reaction

heat storage

heat transformation

latent heat

work storage

MECHANICAL ENERGY STORAGE

CAES

compressed air energy storage

economic evaluation of energy storage

energy storage

energy storage density

energy storage in bus

energy storage in trolleybus or tram

flywheel

heat engine flywheel

hydraulic accumulator

mechanical energy storage

overall efficiency of energy storage

peak shaving in utility grids

power press flywheel

pumped hydro power plant

pumped hydro three unit plant

pumped hydro two unit plant

spinning reserve

super flywheel.

brake energy storage

COMPRESSED AIR ENERGY STORAGE

CAES

compressed Air

energy

energy Storage

gas Storage

techno-economical

thermodynamics Cycles

PUMPED WATER ENERGY STORAGE

hydro power

peak demand

peak shaving

potential energy storage

pump hydro power storage

pumped (water) storage

reversible pump-turbine

FLYWHEELS AND SUPER-FLYWHEELS

composites.

energy storage

super-flywheel

Flywheel

STORAGE OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY

battery

capacitance

charge

converters

cryogenic cooling

dielectric

discharge

diurnal energy storage

electric Vehicle

electrostatic Energy

equivalent Series Inductance

equivalent Series Resistance

graetz Bridge

linear Capacitor

load leveling

load Levelling

nonlinear Capacitor

primary Battery

secondary (Storage) Battery

spinning reserve

stabilised conductors

superconducting Inductive Coils

superconductive Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES)

time Constant

ultra Capacitors

BATTERIES AND THEIR CHEMISTRY

battery

charge

discharge

electric vehicle

load leveling

primary battery

secondary (storage) battery

specific energy

SUPERCONDUCTING INDUCTIVE COILS

converters

cryogenic cooling

diurnal energy storage

environmental effects

graetz bridge

load leveling

stabilized conductors

superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES)

transmission line stability

voltage sags

CAPACITIVE STORAGE

capacitance

capacitor

charging

damping

damping time constant

dielectric

discharge capacitor

discharge time

discharging

electrostatic energy

electrostatic energy density

energy efficiency

energy storage capacitor

impulse current capacitor

impulse demagnetizer

impulse magnetizer

inductance

internal resistance

linear capacitor

magnetic energy density

metallized electrode

natural frequency

nonlinear capacitor

resistance

rise time

time constant

SPINNING RESERVES

Battery station

Diesel generation unit

Flywheel

Lead-Acid battery

Ni-Cd battery

Primary battery

Secondary battery

Short break system

Spinning reserve

Super capacitor

Super conducting magnetic energy storage (SMES)

Super flywheel

Uninterruptable power supply (UPS)

Battery

STORAGE OF CHEMICAL ENERGY AND NUCLEAR MATERIALS

chemical energy

chemical energy perspectives in sustainable development

environmental issues.

release of chemical energy

storage of chemical energy

STORAGE OF HYDROGEN

carbon nanotube

cryogenic Adsorption

cryogenic Tank

cylinder

gaseous Hydrogen

glass Microsphere

graphite Nanofiber

hydrogen

hydrogen Slush

liquid Hydride

liquid Hydrogen

metal Hydride

storage

STORAGE OF FOSSIL FUELS (GASEOUS AND LIQUID)

aquifer storage

AST

LNG storage

natural gas storage

salt caverns

tank farms

underground storage of gas

UST

STORAGE OF COAL: PROBLEMS AND PRECAUTIONS

Blending.

Coal Storage

Oxidation of Coal

Self Heating of Coal

Spontaneous Combustion

Stacking

Low Temperature Oxidation

STORAGE OF RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS

cementation

energy

fission

radioactive

storage

vitrification

waste

ENERGY TRANSPORTATION

Energy Transportation

Environmental Issues.

Energy Distribution System and Network

PROCESSING OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY FUELS: PERSPECTIVE ON PETROLEUM REFINING

aromatics

asphalt

catalysts

conversion processes

crude oil

distillation

gas oil

heating oils

hydrocarbons

kerosene

LPG

lubricating oils

naphtha

naphthenes

octane number.

paraffins

petroleum refinery

primary fuels

secondary fuels

separation processes

unit operations

waxes

refining processes

HISTORY OF ELECTRIC ENERGY SYSTEMS AND NEW EVOLUTION

armature

electric generator

electric machine

electric power station

electrical energy end user

electrical energy production

electromagnetic processes

hydrogenerator

induction motor

inductor

interconnected power system

power station unit

power system

transmission lines

turbogenerator

ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION

active power control

AVR - automatic voltage regulation

brushless exciter

control system

earth fault

electric

electric generator

electromechanical interrelation

energy conversion

excitation system

frequency control

gas turbine

generator mode

governors

history

hydromechanical devices

hydropower control

induction machine

joint control systems

magnetic and mechanical processes

overcurrent

protection

regulation

self excitation

speed control

squirrel-cage rotor

stabilizers

synchronous machine

turbogenerator

water wheel generator

COMPONENTS AND SUBSTATIONS FOR ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

cable

capacitor

fire problems

grounding

noise

safety

substation

transformer

vibration

ELECTRIC POWER TRANSMISSION

alternating current

audible noise

back-to-back

bundled conductor

cable conductor

cable core

conductor

conversion

converter substation

corona

cryogenic temperature

current capacity

direct current

distribution

electric discomfort

electric field

electromagnetic field

environmental impact

forest conservancy

hyperconductivity

induced current

insulation

ion current to ground

magnetic field

overhead line

overhead power transmission line

overhead transmission line

power cable

power rating

radio interference

rated voltage

reactive power

substation

superconductivity

support

switching overvoltages

transformation

transmission line capacity

transmission system

ultra high operating voltage

underground (submarine) line

underground (submarine) power transmission line

underground line

VAR compensation

AIR CONDITIONING - ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY

energy consumption

environmental quality

Passive Cooling Techniques

Penetration of the Air Conditioning

Ventilation for Indoor Air Quality.

Air conditioning

SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT FOR SPACE HEATING

active-passive solar systems

direct-indirect gain solar systems

energy savings

energy sources

geothermal heat pumps

heat recovery

insulation

modern-ancient space heating systems

TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY CONDITIONS FOR PREMISES AND BUILDINGS

air pollution

dust

humidity

humidity detectors

microorganisms

odors

temperature

thermal comfort

thermometers

CO-GENERATION

electricity production

gas turbine systems

thermal process

Steam turbine systems

DISTRICT HEATING

global warming

heat distribution system

ozone depletion

thermal energy demand

LOW CAPACITY SPACE HEATING SYSTEMS

air heaters

autonomous heating units

combustion chamber

fireplaces

furnaces

heat accumulators

heaters

HEAT PUMPS FOR SPACE HEATING

coefficient of Performance

compressor

condenser

evaporator

heat exchanger

motor

working fluid

VENTILATION SYSTEMS

acoustical comfort

air quality

buildings

comfort

contaminants

energy conservation

environmental quality

humidity

HVAC

IAQ

IEQ

mechanical ventilation

natural ventilation

noise

pollutants

sick building syndrome

thermal comfort

INDOOR AIR QUALITY

air quality

asbestos

contaminants

decipol

formaldehyde

health symptoms

IAQ

indoor air

legionella

mechanical ventilation

olf

outdoor air

pollutants

radon

recirculation

return air

sick building syndrome

smoke

ventilation

VOC

NATURAL VENTILATION

buoyancy

CFD models

correction factor

cross ventilation

discharge coefficient

empirical models

experimentation

inertia

infiltration

natural ventilation

network models

pressure coefficient

simulation tools

single sided ventilation

wind

MECHANICAL VENTILATION AND EQUIPMENT

All-air systems

CAV

Coils

Controls

Diffusers

Ducts

Economizer

Energy recovery

Filter

HVAC

Mechanical ventilation

Stratification

VAV

Air diffusion

SPACE LOADS & ENERGY CONSERVATION

economizer

energy conservation

energy recovery

energy wheel

heat exchanger

heat recovery

HVAC

infiltration

latent load

sensible load

thermal gains

FILTERS & MAINTENANCE

Bacteria

Capacity

Contaminants

Efficiency

Filters

Indoor air

Odors

Outdoor air

Pollutants

Prefilter

Resistance

Arrestance

TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY BALANCE OF PREMISES

heat Sinks

heat Sources

heat Transfer

humidity.

psychrometry

REFRIGERATION AND CRYOGENIC SYSTEMS

absorption cycles

cryogenic heat exchangers

gas refrigeration cycle

heat pumps

refrigerants

refrigeration cycles

EFFICIENT USE AND CONSERVATION OF ENERGY

agriculture

buildings

demand-side management

energy availability

energy conservation

energy efficiency

energy efficiency measures

energy management

exergy

industry

load management

transportation

EFFICIENT USE AND CONSERVATION OF ENERGY IN THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR

conservation of energy

electricity

energy audits

energy consumption

energy efficiency

energy management

energy-efficiency opportunities

fossil fuels

industry

EFFICIENT USE OF ELECTRICITY IN PROCESS OPERATION

air compressors

drives

efficiency

electricity

electrolysis

energy efficiency opportunities

industry

motors

process

process heat

EFFICIENT USE OF FOSSIL FUELS IN PROCESS OPERATION

boilers

combustion

efficiency

energy-efficiency opportunities

fossil fuels

industry

process

process heat

steam

thermal

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN SPECIFIC INDUSTRIAL SEGMENTS

aluminum

chemicals

efficiency

energy

energy efficiency opportunities

glass

petroleum

pulp and paper

steel

TOTAL PLANT ENERGY EFFICIENCY

cogeneration

efficiency

energy quality

energy-efficiency opportunities

heat recovery

industry

recuperators

thermal-energy storage

EFFICIENT USE AND CONSERVATION OF ENERGY IN BUILDINGS

air conditioning

building envelope

building structure elements

buildings

conservation

energy efficiency

heating

lighting

load management

ventilation

EFFICIENT USE OF LIGHTING IN BUILDINGS

buildings

conservation

efficacy

efficiency

illumination

lighting

EFFICIENT USE OF HEATING, VENTILATING, AND AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS IN BUILDINGS

air conditioning

boilers

buildings

chillers

cooling towers

energy efficiency

furnaces

heat pumps

heating

ventilation

BUILDING ENVELOPE EFFICIENCY MEASURES

building envelope

building structure elements

buildings

daylighting

energy efficiency

foundation

infiltration

insulation

passive solar design

roof

ventilation

walls

windows

EFFICIENT USE AND CONSERVATION OF ENERGY IN THE TRANSPORTATION SECTOR

aircraft

alternative fuels

buses

electric drive vehicles

energy efficiency

freight transportation

mass transit vehicles

passenger cars

pipeline

rail

transportation

trucks

waterway

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION

air

energy efficiency

freight

pipeline

rail

transportation

truck

water

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN MASS TRANSIT SYSTEMS

air

bus

energy efficiency

intercity rail

light rail

mass transit

passenger transportation

railway

transit rail

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN PASSENGER CARS AND LIGHT TRUCKS

energy efficiency

fuel efficiency

light trucks

passenger cars

passenger travel

personal passenger vehicles

EFFICIENT USE AND CONSERVATION OF ENERGY IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR

agriculture

biomass

conservation agriculture

crops

energy efficiency

food processing

geothermal energy

livestock

solar energy

wind energy

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN PUMPING AND IRRIGATION SYSTEMS

agriculture

energy efficiency

irrigation

irrigation load management

irrigation scheduling

pumping

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT

agriculture

crop drying

crop equipment

drive systems

energy efficiency

evaporative cooling

implements

lighting

livestock equipment

milk cooling

milk heat recovery

motors

tractors

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN FERTILIZER PRODUCTION AND USE

agriculture

ammonia

energy efficiency

fertilizer

inorganic fertilizer

legumes

manure

nitrogen

organic fertilizer

phosphorus

potassium

USING DEMAND-SIDE MANAGEMENT TO SELECT ENERGY EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES AND PROGRAMS

conservation

demand-side management

energy efficiency

load management

market transformation

EFFICIENT USE OF ELECTRICITY THROUGH DEMAND-SIDE MANAGEMENT

conservation

demand-side management

energy efficiency

DECIDING WHICH DEMAND-SIDE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES TO PURSUE

conservation

demand-side management

energy efficiency

load management

loadshapes

technologies

MARKET IMPLEMENTATION METHODS

advertising and promotion

alternative pricing

conservation

customer education

demand-side management

direct customer contact

direct incentives

energy efficiency

load management

marketing

marketing planning

trade ally cooperation

EVALUATION AND SELECTION OF DEMAND-SIDE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS IN THE COMMERCIAL SECTOR

buildings

commercial sectors

conservation

demand-side management

energy efficiency

load management

EXERGY, ENERGY SYSTEM ANALYSIS, AND OPTIMIZATION

analysis of Energy Systems

artificial Intelligence

exergy

exergy Analysis

expert Systems

optimization of Energy Systems

second Law

sustainability

thermoeconomics

EXERGY AND THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS

Endogenous and Exogenous Exergy Destruction.

Energy

Entropy and Exergy Balances

Exergetic Efficiency

Exergy

Exergy Destruction

Mass

Thermodynamic Environment

Avoidable

Energy

Exergy Loss

Unavoidable

BASIC EXERGY CONCEPTS

energy

exergy

reference States

standard Chemical Exergy

thermodynamic Environment

EXERGY BALANCE AND EXERGETIC EFFICIENCY

exergetic Efficiency

exergy Balance

exergy Destruction

exergy Loss

guidelines for Rational Energy Use

thermodynamic Inefficiencies

EXERGY ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE PROCESSES

Cold Gas Efficiency

Energetic Efficiency

Exergetic Efficiency

Exergy Destruction

Exergy Loss

Heat Exchanger Effectiveness

Isentropic Efficiency

Mass, Energy, Entropy and Exergy Balances

Thermodynamic Inefficiencies.

Thermodynamic Analysis

STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF EXERGY ANALYSIS

avoidable Thermodynamic Inefficiencies

exergetic Efficiency

optimization

process Development

ENERGETIC AND EXERGETIC ANALYSIS OF COMPLEX SYSTEMS

Avoidable Thermodynamic Inefficiencies

Combined-Cycle Power Plant

Exergy Analysis

Externally Coal-Fired Combined-Cycle Power Plant

Steam Power Plant

Energy Analysis

GRAPHIC EXERGY ANALYSIS

energy level

energy utilization

energy-utilization diagram

exergy analysis

exergy loss

first and second laws of thermodynamics

graphic thermodynamics

heat-equivalent energy

intermediary energy

quality of energy

thermodynamic compass

thermodynamics of a process

thermodynamics of a substance

thermodynamics of a system

work-equivalent energy

PINCH ANALYSIS

Heat Exchanger Network

Heat Exchangers

Heat load distribution.

Heat Recovery

Minimum approach temperature

Minimum Energy Requirement

Pinch Analysis

Rational Use of Energy

Process integration

PROCESS INTEGRATION AND IMPROVEMENT

Heat Exchanger Network

Heat Exchangers

Heat load distribution.

Heat Recovery

Minimum approach temperature

Minimum Energy Requirement

Pinch Analysis

Rational Use of Energy

Process integration

THERMOECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Cost Accounting

Diagnosis of Energy Systems.

Energy Auditing

Exergy

Optimization of Energy Systems

Thermoeconomics

THE THERMODYNAMIC PROCESS OF COST FORMATION

analysis of Energy Systems

cost

exergy

thermoeconomics

SYMBOLIC THERMOECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ENERGY SYSTEMS

analysis of Energy Systems

cost

exergy

symbolic computation

thermoeconomics

STRUCTURAL THEORY OF THERMOECONOMICS

analysis of Energy Systems

average Cost

exergy

marginal Cost

productive Structure

structural theory

thermoeconomics,

FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS

analysis of Energy Systems

functional analysis

functional diagram

optimization of Energy Systems

COST FUNCTIONS OF COMPONENTS FOR OPTIMAL SYSTEM DESIGN

enhanced optimization

matrices of information exchange

multi-disciplinary problems

optimal design

system decomposition

APPLICATION OF THERMOECONOMICS TO OPERATION DIAGNOSIS OF ENERGY PLANTS

irreversibility

malfunction

operation Diagnosis

structural Theory of Thermoeconomics

thermoeconomics

APPLICATION OF THERMOECONOMICS TO THE DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF ENERGY PLANTS

Costs of Thermodynamic Inefficiencies

Design Improvement

Exergoeconomics

Thermoeconomics

Exergy

MODELING, SIMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION IN ENERGY SYSTEMS

Design and off-design simulation

Optimization of Energy Systems

Simulation

Synthesis of energy systems.

Thermoeconomics

Modeling

MODELING AND SIMULATION METHODS

components modeling

direct- and inverse design

numerical simulation

optimization

process modeling

DESIGN AND OFF-DESIGN SIMULATION OF COMPLEX ENERGY SYSTEMS

decomposition

energy Systems Design

off-Design Simulation

unsteady Simulation

OPTIMIZATION METHODS FOR ENERGY SYSTEMS

decomposition

genetic Algorithms

geometric and Quadratic Programming

heuristic Methods

linear

nonlinear

optimization

simulated Annealing

stochastic

thermoeconomic

unconstrained

OPERATION OPTIMIZATION OF ENERGY SYSTEMS

decomposition

dynamic optimization

functional analysis

mathematical programming

operation optimization of energy systems

optimal operating mode

DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OPTIMIZATION OF ENERGY SYSTEMS

artificial intelligence

decomposition

design optimization

genetic algorithm

mathematical programming

optimization of energy systems

synthesis optimization

thermoeconomics

waste incineration

DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF POWER AND COGENERATION SYSTEMS

cogeneration

constant and variable demands

energy-intensive systems

optimal design

performance/cost analysis

second-law-based decomposition

ELECTRICAL NETWORK OPTIMIZATION

Mathematical Programming

Operation optimization

Optimal operating mode

Security Assessment

Transmission System

Electric Power Systems

DISTRICT HEATING NETWORKS CALCULATION AND OPTIMIZATION

district heating

energy transport

fluid networks

graph theory

network models

thermoeconomic models

PETROLEUM PIPELINE NETWORK OPTIMIZATION

oil and gas transportation

pipeline

pipeline design

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND EXPERT SYSTEMS IN ENERGY SYSTEMS ANALYSIS

artificial intelligence

design optimization

expert Systems

intelligent Health Control

inverse Design

optimization of energy systems

process Synthesis

synthesis optimization

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ENERGY SYSTEMS: SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS

Expert Systems

Knowledge-Based Systems Contents

Artificial Intelligence

EXPERT SYSTEMS AND KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION

ertificial Intelligence

expert Systems

knowledge Acquisition

knowledge-Based Systems

PRESENT APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TO ENERGY SYSTEMS

artificial Intelligence applications

expert Systems

fuzzy Logic

neural Networks

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN COMPONENT DESIGN

Artificial Intelligence

Knowledge Acquisition.

Knowledge-Based Systems

Expert Systems

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PROCESS DESIGN

Expert Design Assistants

Process Control

Process Design

Energy System Design

SUSTAINABILITY CONSIDERATIONS IN THE MODELING OF ENERGY SYSTEMS

resource scarcity cost rate

Dynamic

entropy

environomics

Exergy

exergy replacement.

Thermodynamics

thermoeconomic

sustainability

LIFE-CYCLE, ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS - SUSTAINABILITY

Exergy Analysis

Extended Exergy

Externalities

Life-Cycle Analysis

System/Environment interactions.

Sustainability

STATIC AND DYNAMIC POLLUTION AND RESOURCE RELATED INDICES

externalities

Life Cycle Assessment

pollution indicators

resource scarcity indicators

sustainability index

thermo-ecological cost.

Sustainability

ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF ENERGY SYSTEMS WITH SUSTAINABILITY CONSIDERATIONS

analysis

cogeneration

district heating

economics

energy

environment

environomics

exergy

externalities

furnaces

gas engines

gas turbines

heat pumps

optimization

pollution

sustainability

GLOBAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

emission of deleterious waste products

environment

non-equilibrium thermodynamics

second law of thermodynamics

solar radiation

NATIONAL EXERGY ACCOUNTING OF NATURAL RESOURCES

Energy resources

Energy supply system

Natural resources

Physical resources.

Resource use

Society

GLOBAL EXERGY ACCOUNTING OF NATURAL RESOURCES

analysis

energy

energy resources

environment

exergy

exergy abatement cost

exergy replacement cost

fuel

mineral capital

pollution.

renewable

reserves

water

ENERGY POLICY

Constraints

Energy Conservation

Energy Efficiency

Energy Planning

Policy Instruments

Global Energy Markets

ENERGY SECURITY : PAST ACCOMPLISHMENTS, EMERGING CHALLENGES

climate change

demand restraint

diversity of supply

emergency response

energy efficiency

fuel switching

oil crisis

oil market

oil stocks

price elasticity

security of supply

spare capacity

surge production

sustainable development

Energy security

ENERGY RESOURCES ASSESSMENT

biomass

coal

environment

geothermal

hydropower

lignite

natural gas

nuclear energy

oil

OPEC

photovoltaics

RAPS

renewable energy