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EARTH'S AVAILABLE ENERGY AND THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS
Environment
Exergy
Exergy efficiency
Exergy losses
Natural resources
Nonequivalence of exergy
Noosphere
Noosphere
Surroundings.
Availability
BASIC LAWS AND PRINCIPLES OF QUANTUM ELECTROMAGNETISM
antiparticle
boson
dirac equation
fermion
feynman diagram
field theory
gauge invariance
hamiltonian
klein-gordon equation
lagrangian
lorentz invariance
manifest covariance
operator
photon
positron
quantum electrodynamics (QED)
quantum mechanics
renormalization
special relativity
spin
ENERGY, CULTURE AND STANDARD OF LIFE
culture
energy
energy conservation
energy efficiency
environment
fuel substitution
pollution
standard of life
sustainable development
NATURAL AND ADDITIONAL ENERGY
additional energy
efficiency
energy currency
energy source
natural energy
renewable energy
sustainable development
SOME ISSUES IN ENERGY POLICY AND PLANNING
energy policy
externalities
Kyoto Protocol
policy assessment
Energy planning
ENERGY PLANNING METHODOLOGIES AND TOOLS
models
optimization
planning tools
reserves and resources
scenarios
simulation
uncertainty
Energy policy
AN OUTLOOK ON NUCLEAR ENERGY IN THE WORLD
Acceptability
Disposal
Electricity
Energy
Fuel
Power
Radioactivity
Reprocessing
Risk
Storage
Transmutation
Wastes
Nuclear
ENERGY PLANNING AND POLICIES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: TOWARD A NEW PARADIGM
decentralized
diversified.
downsized
energy paradigm
THE LIMITS OF ENERGY POLICY MAKING
awareness
balance
economy
environment
ethics
policy-making
Energy
PRICE AND INCOME ELASTICITIES OF DEMAND FOR ENERGY
income elasticity of demand
Price elasticity of demand
ENERGY SUPPLY: ARE WE RUNNING OUT OF ENERGY?
Coal
Hydroelectricity
Natural Gas
Nuclear
Wind
Oil
ENERGY SOURCES, UTILIZATION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
efficient
energy
environment
fuel- switching
infrastructure
policy
renewability
Economic development
IMPACTS OF THE PROMOTION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY IN THE WORLD'S ELECTRIC SECTOR
electric power
electricity generation
electricity market
environmentalism
hydroelectric power
hydropower
Alternative energy
IMPACTS OF REDUCING USE OF CARBON FUELS
Alternative energy source
Conservation
Depletion
Emissions trading
Energy consumption
Energy infrastructure
Energy plan.
Energy policy
Energy shortages
Environmental benefits
Fossil fuel
Fuel switching
Carbon based fuels
NUCLEAR ENERGY
AVLIS
cancer
Chernobyl
desalinization
fossil fuels
gaseous diffusion
high-level radioactive waste
IAEA
low-level radioactive waste
naturally-occurring radioactive materials
nuclear fuel cycle
Oklo reactor
pebble-bed nuclear reactors
radiation health risks
radioactive emissions
radioactive waste
reactors
uranium enrichment
uranium ore
WIPP
nuclear energy
ENERGY POLICIES AND NATIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
economy
emissions
energy consumption
environment
foreign investment
industrialization
national energy policy
national security
system reliability
Consumer
IMPACT OF ENERGY TAXES AND SUBSIDIES
energy taxes
gasoline
incentives
regulations
subsidies
Alternative fuels
ENERGY, CREATIVITY, AND SUSTAINABLE GROWTH
Agriculture
Communications
Consumption
Energy Conservation
Gross domestic product (GDP).
Industry
Non-fossil Energies
Resources
Wealth
Energy-Entropy Law
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE:AN UNAVOIDABLE REQUIREMENT FOR THE FUTURE
biomass energy
direct solar energy conversion
economic parity
geothermal energy
hydroelectric energy
indirect solar energy conversion
pollution
wind energy
renewable energy sources
OCEAN THERMAL ENERGY CONVERSION AND THE UTILIZATION OF DEEP OCEAN WATER
deep ocean
DOWA
Thermal energy
Ocean
COAL, OIL SHALE, NATURAL BITUMEN, HEAVY OIL AND PEAT
acid rain
alternative
anthracite
ash
asphalt
atmospheric pollutant
beneficiation
biodiversity
biomass
bituminous coal
bog
carbonization
catalyst
char
chemicals. Deposit
clarain
clean coal technology
coal
coal basin
coal conversion
coal rank
coal structure
coalification
coke
coking behavior
coking property
combustion
conservation
crude oil
crush
cut away
desulfurization
durain
ecological system
enhanced oil recovery
environmental pollution
exinite
exploitation
fixed carbon
fluidized bed
formation
fusain
fusinite
gas
gasification
geochemistry
geology
grind
hard coal
heating value
heavy medium
heavy metal
heavy oil
humic acid
humification
industrial feedstock
inertinite
inorganic
iron-making
jig
kerogen
lignite
liquefaction
maceral
matter
metamorphism
mineral matter
mining
mire
moisture content
natural bitumen
nitrogen
non-fuel use
np-grading
oil shale
organic
organic rock
origin
peat
peatland
petrology
plant debris
power generation
preparation
primary energy
processing
processing technology
pyrite
pyrolysis
recoverable
refinery
regeneration
reserve
reservoir
resource
retort
retorting
seam
shale oil
solvent extraction
sorbent
sulfur
surface mining
sustainable development
swamp
synthesis
tar
tar sand
technology
trace element
transportation
underground mining
utilization
vitrain
vitrinite
volatile matter
washed coal
wet scrubber
fossil fuel
COAL GEOLOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY
anthracite
biomarker
bituminization
bituminous Coal
caustobioliths
coal Classification
coal Deposit
coal Exploration
coal Facies
coal Geochemistry
coal Geology
coal Measures
coal Mineralogy
coal Mining
coal Petrology
coal Rank
coal Reserves
coal Resource
coal Seam
coal Sedimentology
coal Structure
coal-accumulating Basin
coalfield
coalification
contact Metamorphism
diastrophism
electromagnetic Methods
exinite
fusain
gas from Coal
geochemical Maturity
geological history
geological Period
geothermal Metamorphism
gravity Methods
hard Coal
highmoor Swamp
hydrocarbon from Coal
hydrothermal Metamorphism
in Situ Reserves
inertinite
inorganic Geochemistry of Coal
lignite
lipitinite
lowmoor Swamp
macerals
magma Intrusion
magnetic Methods
marketable Reserves
metamorphism
microscopy
mineral
oil from Coal
organic Geochemistry of Coal
origin of Coal
origin of Mineral
peat
peat Swamps
peatification
recoverable Reserves
sedimentary Basin
sub-bituminous Coal
surface Mining
tectonic Metamorphism
telemagmetic Metamorphism
trace Element
underground Mining
vitrain
vitrinite
THE ORIGIN OF COAL AND WORLD RESERVES
anthracite
bituminous Coal
coal Characteristics
coal Deposit
coal Extraction
coal Measures
coal Production
coal Rank
coal Reserves
coal Resource
coal Seam
coal Trade
coal-accumulating Basin
coalfield
coalification
diastrophism
exinite
geological history
geological Period
highmoor Swamp
in Situ Reserves
inertinite
lignite
lipitinite
lowmoor Swamp
macerals
microscopy
mineral
origin of Coal
origin of Coal Maceral
peat
peat Swamps
recoverable Reserves
regional Distribution of Coal Reserves
sedimentary Basin
sub-bituminous Coal
vitrinite
COAL EXPLORATION AND MINING
air Borne Magnetic Surveys
coal Exploration
coal Mining
coal Reserves
coal Resource
continuous mining
conventional mining
drilling
electrical resistivity
electromagnetic methods
field mapping
field studies
gravity methods
in situ reserves
literature survey
longwall advancing
longwall mining
longwall retreating
magnetic methods
map compilation
marketable reserves
recoverable reserves
room and pillar mining
seismic reflection
shortwall mining
strip mining
surface Geophysics
surface Mining
underground exploration
underground Mining
COAL GEOLOGY
coal depositional model
coal geochemistry
coal petrology
coal quality and metamorphism
history of coal geology research
humic coal
hydrocarbon
laws of coal-accumulation
liptobiolith
recent advancements in coal geology
sapropelic coal
CLASSIFICATION OF COAL
anthracite
ash
bituminous coal
brown coal
caking index
calorific value
carbon content
classification
coal
coalification
codification
commercial codification
crucible swelling number
hard coal
high rank coal
inertinite
lignite
liptinite
low rank coal
medium rank coal
moisture
parameters of classification
petrographic analysis
plastic properties
proximate analysis
rank
reflectance
scientific classification
seam coal
semi-anthracite
subbituminous coal
technical classification
ultimate analysis
vitrinite
volatile matter
ORGANIC AND INORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY OF COAL
anthracite
biomarker
bituminous Coal
chemical Structure of Coal
coal
coal Petrology
coal Rank
coal Structure
coalification
cpigenetic Stage
enrichment of Trace Elements
gas Derived from coal
geochemical Alteration
geochemical Gelification
humification
hydrocarbon Derived from Coal
inorganic Geochemistry
lignite
maceral
metamorphism
minerals
oil Derived from Coal
organic Geochemistry
origin of Coal
peat
peat Swamp
peatification
physical Structure of Coal
plant
pollution of Trace Elements
soluble Substances in Coal
syngenetic Stage
the Occurring Form of Trace Elements
trace Element
vitrinitization
MINERAL MATTER IN COAL
ankerite
authigenic minerals
calcite
carbonate minerals
coalbed gas
detritus
dolomite
epigenetic minerals
hydoxide minerals
kaolinite
low-temperature ash
macerals clay
mineral matter
minerals
minerals
organic association
organometallic complex
oxid minerals
pyrite
quartz
siderite
sulfide minerals
syngenetic minerals
terrigenous
tonstein
trace elements
COAL TECHNOLOGY I
air pollution
clean coal technology
coal combustion
coal dust
coal physical property
coal preparation
coal structure
coal transportation
coal utilization
coke making
denitrogenation
desulfurization
environmental problems
greenhouse gas
nitrogen oxides
sulfur oxides
COAL STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES
characterization of coal
coal properties
coal structure
functional groups
macromolecular structure
model structure
solvent extraction
solvent swelling.
structural parameters
PREPARATION AND TRANSPORTATION OF COAL
agglomeration
agitation
air bubble
associated process
automation
barge
canal
centrifugal force
cleaning
coal transportation
collector
control
crushing
cyclone
dense medium
density
dewatering
drying
efficiency
filter
flotation
frother
hydrophilic
hydrophobic
jig
magnetite
mineral matter
mining
ocean
oil
on-line analyzer
pipeline
pyrite
rail
raw coal
refuse middlings
road
screening
separation
separator
ship
slurry
spiral
surface property
suspension
teetered bed
washability
water conveyor
CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY
advanced
boiler
catalyst
catalytic reduction
ceramic
clean coal technology
coal fired
combustion
cyclone
dust
efficiency
eletrostatic precipitator
environmental
filter
flue gas desulfurization
fluidized bed
fly ash
fouling
heat
hot gas
integrated gasification combined cycle
limestone
NOx emissions
organic compound
particulate emissions
pollutant
power generation
power plant
pressurized
pulverized coal
scrubber
selective
sorbent
turbine
DESULFURIZATION OF COAL
biological cleaning
chemical cleaning
coal
desulfurization
flue gas desulfurization
in-bed desulfurization
limestone
organic sulfur
physical cleaning
pyritic sulfur
wet scrubbers
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ARISING FROM COAL HANDLING AND PROCESSING
acid mine drainage
acid rain
aqueous pollutants
atmospheric pollution
coal
coal dust
coke oven
combustion
emission standard
environment
flue gas cleaning
fly ash
greenhouse gases
handling
methane
nitrogen oxides
operation modifications
organic sulfur
particulate matter
pollution control
pretreatment
processing
pyritic sulfur
regulation
sorbent injection
sulfur content
sulfur dioxide
trace elements
wastewaters
COAL TECHNOLOGY (II)
aromatic rings
bituminous coal
blended coal
carbonization
catalyst
coal
coal tar
coke
coke oven
coking property
combustible gases
combustion
combustor
condensation
direct liquefaction
environmental pollution
fluid fuels
fluidized bed
fragments
F-T synthesis process
gas
gasification
gasification reactions
gasifier
gasifying agent
heating value
heterogeneous mixture
indirect liquefaction
iron production
liquefaction
liquid
low temperature carbonization
metallurgical coke
oil
organic compounds
organic constituents
rank of coal
reaction
residue
semi-coke
solvent
synthesis gas
the secondary reaction
thermal decomposition
thermal processing
volatile matter
water gas
COAL COMBUSTION AND COMBUSTION PRODUCTS
anthracite
bituminous
bubbling
burner
carbon
char
circulating
coal
coal ash
combustion
combustion products
cyclone furnace
dense-phase
desulfurization
devolatilization
dilute-phase
efficiency
environmental protection
equipment
fixed bed combustion
fluidized bed combustion
grate
ignition
lignite
mineral matter
mixture
nitrogen oxide
particle
pollution control
pulverized coal
stoker
subbituminous
sulfur dioxide
volatile
THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF COAL
acetylene
aromatic
atmosphere
char
chemicals
clean fuels
coal
coal rank
coke
devolatilization
electric arc
electric current
entraining gas
flash pyrolysis
flash tube
gas
heating rate
homolysis
hydrocarbon
hydrocarbonization
hydrogen
hydrogenation
hydropyrolysis
laser
low-temperature pyrolysis
maceral
mechanism
microwave
plasma
pressure
pyorlysis process
pyorlysis technology
pyrolysis
pyrolysis product
pyrolytic conditions
reaction
shock tube
tar
temperature
thermal decomposition
thermal treatment
weight loss
CARBONIZATION OF COAL
ammonia
aromatic
beehive
blend
briquetting
byproduct recovery
caking mechanism
carbonization
charging coal
coal
coal preparation
coke
coke oven
coke oven gas
coke oven machine
coke property
coke utilizeation
coking
coking process
crude benzol
desulfurization
drying coal
flame oven
flue
gas purification
hydrogen sulfide
mesophase
metallurgical coke
new coking technology
optical
oven chamber
oven operation
physical property
plastic phase
pore structure
preheating coal
pretreatment technique of coal
push
quenching
reactivity
recovery apparatus
regenerator
stamping technology
structure
tar
COAL GASIFICATION
agglomerating Ash Gasifier
applications of Coal Gasification
ash Zone
BGC-L Gasifier
classification of Coal Gasification
coal Char Gasification Reaction
coal Char’s Reactivity
coal Combustion
coal Gasification
coal Gasification Thermodynamics
coal Indirect Liquifaction, Coal Pyrolysis
coal Slurry
combustion Zone
destec Gasifier
devolatilization Zone
dry and Fine Coal Feed
dry and Lump Coal Feed
dry Ash Gasifier
drying Zone
entrained Bed Gasifier
fisher-Tropsch (F-T) Process
fluidized Bed Gasifier
fuel Gas
gas Turbine
gasification Kinetics
gasification Zone
high-heat-content Gas
HTW Gasifier
hydrocracking
hydrogasification
IGCC
KRW Gasifier
K-T Gasifier
low-heat-content Gas
lurgi Gasifier
medium-heat-content Gas
molten Bath Bed Gasifier
moving Bed Gasifier
prenflo Gasifier
SCGP
slagging Ash Gasifier
steam Turbine
synthesis Gas
TCGP
two-stage Gasifier
U-Gas Gasifier
wellman-Galusha Gasifier
winkler Gasifier
LIQUEFACTION OF COAL
active hydrogen
anthracite
asphaltene
bituminious coal
bond scission
carbon disposition
catalyst
catalytic hydrogenation
char
clarain
coal slurry
coalification degree
coke
condensation reaction
de-heteroatom reaction
dehydrogenation
direct liquefaction
extraction liquefaction
fischer-Tropsch synthesis
fossil energy
fusain
hydrogenation
hydrogen-donor solvent
hydro-liquefaction
indirect liquefaction
intermediate product
isomerization
kinetic behaviour
lignite
liquid fuel
peat
petrographic phase
preasphaltene
radical fragment
synthetic gas
synthetic oil
thermal decomposition
thermal rupture
thermal sinister
vitrain
volatility
OIL SHALE
aboveground mining
algae
algal shale
australia
baltic
bitumen
bituminous shale
brazil
cement
china
classification
combustion
composition
diesel fuel
dust
economic problem
environmental problems
estonia
fischer assay
formation
fushun
fushun retort
galoter retort
gasoline
german
green river
heating value
in-situ retorting
irati
israel
kerogen
kiviter retort
kukersite
liquid petroleum gas
maoming
naphtha
oil shale
oil shale industry
origin
petrosix retort
phenols
properties
pump type retort
pyrolysis
reserves
resources
retorted shale
retorting
russia
sapropel
shale ash
shale oil
shale oil processing
shale oil upgrading
soil improver
stuart
sulfur
tosco retort
underground mining
underground retorting
union oil rock
usa
waste water
wax
ORIGIN AND RESOURCES OF WORLD OIL SHALE DEPOSITS
algae
alum shale
australia
bacteria
bitumen
bituminite
botryococcus
brazil
canada
cannel coal
china
depositional environments
destructive distillation
devonian oil shale
estonia
fischer assay
fushun deposit
green river formation
hydroretorting
iratí formation
israel
jordan
kukersite
lamosite
maoming deposit
marinate
metals
mineralogy
oil shale
organic matter
origin of oil shale
retort
russia
solid hydrocarbons
sulfate reduction
sweden
tasmanite
tasmanites
thermal maturity
torbanite
types of oil shale
uranium
world resources
MINING OF OIL SHALE
aboveground mining
arm loader
baltic oil shale
blasting
braking
double handling
double unit face method
dragline
drifting
drilling
fushun open pit mine
green river oil shale
kukersite
longwall mining
magnetic suspension
maoming mining area
mineable reserves
open cast mining
open pit mining
pillar
ripper
room and pillar mining
selective winning
shortwall stoping by handwork
shovel
strip mining
stripping
stripping ratio
surface mining
underground mining
volga oil shale
EXTRACTION OF OIL SHALE: SURFACE AND IN-SITU RETORTING
carbonaceous residue
combustion
directly gas heated retorts
directly solid heated retorts
extraction
fischer assay
fixed carbon
fushun type retort
galoter retort
gas
gasification
indirectly gas heated retorts
in-situ retorting
kiviter retort
lurgi–ruhrgas retort
mist
modified in-situ method
oil shale
paraho retort
petrosix retort
product
pumpherston retort
pyrolysis
pyrolysis residue
pyrolytic technique
residual carbon
retorting
salermo retort
shale oil
solid heat carrier
spent shale
superior circular grate retort
surface retorting
taciuk retort
tosco retort
true in-situ method
vertical shaft kiln
CHEMISTRY OF SHALE OIL AND ITS REFINING
alkenes
aromatics
asphaltene
catalytic cracking
catalytic hydrogenation
coking
composition of shale oil
cracking reactor
distillation
fixed-bed reactor
fluidized-bed reactor
hydrocarbon
hydrocracking
hydrotreating
nitrogen- containing compounds
olefins
oxygen-containing compounds
properties of shale oil
refining processes
reforming
saturates
shale oil
shale oil refining
sulfur- containing compounds
thermal cracking
upgrading
visbreaking
CHEMICALS AND OTHER PRODUCTS FROM SHALE OIL
adhesive resin
antiseptic
asphalt
binder
chemical composition
chemicals
coating varnish
coke
cracking
cracking
diesel fuel
flotoreagent
fractional distillation
heating oil
hydrocarbons
impregnating oil
ion exchanger
kerosene
liquid fuel
neutral oxygen compounds
oil emulsion
oil shale
pesticide
petrol
petroleum-substitutes
phenols
plasticizer
retorting
road bitumen
shale oil
softener
soil conditioner
specialty products
tannin material
thermal destruction
upgrading
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL SHALE AND POLLUTION CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES
air floatation
air pollution
biological treatment
BOD
cement making
COD
emission
environmental impacts
flocculaton
fly ash
land disruption
oil interception
oil sludge
phenols
pollution control
reclamation
retorted shale
revegetation
sedimentation
shale ash
waste disposal
waste gas
waste water
NATURAL BITUMEN (TAR SANDS) AND HEAVY OIL
addition
asphalt
athabasca deposit
bitumen
carbon
catalytic
chemistry
coke
combustion
conventional petroleum
conversion
cracking
crude oil
deasphalting
definition
delayed coking
desulfurisation
distillate
drilling
energy
enhanced oil recovery
environment
extra heavy oil
extraction
feedstock
fossil
geology
gravity
heavy oil
heteroatom
hot water
hydrocarbon
hydrogen
injection
mineralogy
mining
natural
non-mining
organic sediment
overburden
petrochemical
pitch
process
properties
pyrobitumen
recovery
refining synthetic crude oil
rejection
reservoir
residuum
resource
saturation
secondary recovery
separation
solvent flooding
steam
synthetic
tailing
thermal
upgrading
viscosity
well
world deposits
GEOLOGY OF NATURAL BITUMEN AND HEAVY OIL RESOURCES
athabasca deposit
bitumen
chemistry
enhanced oil recovery
extra heavy oil
geology
heavy oil
mining
properties
recovery
secondary recovery
world deposits
CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS OF NATURAL BITUMEN AND HEAVY OIL
aromatic
athabasca deposit
bitumen
carbon
carbon residue
character
chemistry
composition
decomposition
distillate
elemental
emission
enhanced oil recovery
extra heavy oil
feedstock
fractional
gravity
heavy oil
hydrocarbon
hydrogen
metals
mining
naphthane
natural
nitrogen
organism
oxygen
paraffin
permeability
petroleum
porphyrin
pour point
process
processability
properties
recovery
refining
refining synthetic crude oil
reservoir
rock
secondary recovery
sediment
separation
sulfur compound
tar sand
thermal
trap
upgrading
viscosity
volatility
GEOLOGY AND MINERALOGY OF NATURAL BITUMEN AND HEAVY OIL RESERVOIRS
athabasca deposit
bitumen
enhanced oil recovery
extra heavy oil
geology
heavy oil
minerals
permeability
porosity
properties
recovery
secondary recovery
world deposits
MINING TECHNOLOGY FOR NATURAL BITUMEN AND HEAVY OIL
athabasca deposit
bitumen
bucket wheel excavators
chemistry
conveyors
draglines
enhanced oil recovery
extra heavy oil
geology
heavy oil
mining
mobility
properties
recovery
secondary recovery
world deposits
EXTRACTION TECHNOLOGIES FOR NATURAL BITUMEN AND HEAVY OIL
alkaline
aspect
Athabasca deposit
carbon dioxide
chemistry
cold water
combustion
damage
density
discharge
displacement
emission
emulsification
enhanced oil recovery
environmental
extra heavy oil
extraction
flooding
fluid
geology
heavy oil
heterogeneity
hot water
injection
in-situ
mining
mobility
nitrogen
non-mining
plant
polymer
pore
pregeating
process
properties
recovery
reservoir
rock
scavenging
secondary recovery
separation
solvent
steam
surfactant
tailing
tar sand
thermal
underground
viscosity
well
world deposits
Bitumen
UPGRADING AND REFINING OF NATURAL BITUMEN AND HEAVY OIL
athabasca deposit
bitumen
chemistry
extra heavy oil
heavy oil
mining
properties
refining synthetic crude oil
upgrading
PEAT AND PEATLANDS
chemical
environmental impacts
exploitation
peat
peatlands
physical properties
utilization
CLASSIFICATION OF PEAT AND PEATLAND
classification systems
components
peat
peat-forming plants
peatland
stratigraphy
CONDITIONS OF PEAT FORMATION
climatic factors
geological
geomorphic
hydrological factors
peat formation conditions
soil conditions
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PEAT
acidity
alkalinity
ash
bitumen
bulk density
caloric value
carbohydrate
cellulose
decomposition degree
easily hydrolyzed
elemental composition
exchangeable cation
fulvic acid
heat
hemicellulose
humic acid
humus
lignin
mineral matter
organic matter
peat ash
peat properties
resin
saccharide
specific gravity
water retention
water soluble
wax
THE GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION OF PEAT
accumulative
climatic condition
continent
distribution regularity
eurasia
forest
geological
north America
northern hemisphere
peat
peat reserve
peatland
rainforest
resource
southern hemisphere
swamp
tropical
west Siberia Plain
zonality
CUTTING AND PROCESSING OF PEAT
energy generation
horticultural peat
milled peat
mire
peat
peat harvesting
peat industry
peat inventory
sod peat
ENVIRONMENTALLY-FRIENDLY ALTERNATIVES TO PEAT
balneology
bitumen.
horticulture
mire
peat fibres
textiles
Peat
ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PEAT CUTTING AND REMOVAL
cutover peatlands
eutrophication
peat harvesting
OIL AND NATURAL GAS
"greenhouse" gasses
acid rain
carbon emissions
deregulation
environmental aspects
european union gas directive
gas market
global warming
hydrocarbon
hydrocarbon entrapment
hydrocarbon generation
hydrocarbon migration
hydrocarbon production
natural gas
natural gas hydrates
natural gas liquids
non renewable resources
off-shore exploration
oil
oil exploration
oil price
opec
organic matter
petroleum
petroleum accumulations
petroleum industry
petroleum products
pollution
prospects
refining
reflection seismic
reservoir
resource base
sustainable development
unconventional resources
NUCLEAR PHYSICS
Nuclear Physics
Radioactivity
Atomic Structure
NUCLEAR INTERACTIONS
Nuclear Interactions, Nuclear Cross Sections, Neutron Energies, Fission and Fusion
NUCLEAR REACTOR THEORY
energy
nuclear
recycling
resource
uranium
NUCLEAR REACTOR DESIGN
Flux Flattening
Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Reactors
Neutron Cycle
Fission Chain Reaction
NUCLEAR REACTOR KINETICS
Criticality
Neutron Sources
Reactor Startup
Reactor Kinetics
REACTIVITY CHANGES
Fuel Burnup
Samarium
Temperature
Xenon
Reactivity Coefficient
PRESSURIZED WATER REACTORS
Control Rods
Fuel Elements
Reactor Core
Steam Generators
Pressurized Water Reactors
BOILING WATER REACTORS
Control Rods
Fuel Elements
Reactor Core
Boiling Water Reactors
PRESSURISED HEAVY WATER REACTORS
CANDU Reactors
Fuel Elements
Reactor Core
Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors
HEAVY WATER LIGHT WATER REACTORS
Fuel Elements
Reactor Core
Heavy Light Water Reactors
ADVANCED GAS COOLED REACTORS
Control Rods
Fuel Elements
Reactor Core
Advanced Gas Cooled Reactors
LIGHT WATER GRAPHITE REACTORS
Fuel Elements
Reactor Core
Light Water Graphite Reactors
HIGH TEMPERATURE GAS COOLED REACTORS
Control Rods
Fuel Elements
Pebble Bed Reactors
Reactor Core
High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactors
PEBBLE BED MODULAR REACTOR
Gas Cooled Reactors
Helium Turbine
Modular Construction
Particle Fuel
Pebble Bed Reactors
High Temperature Reactors
RADIOACTIVE WASTES, ORIGINS, CLASSIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT
deep Geological Disposal
high Level Wastes
licensing
low Level Wastes
radioactive Wastes
spent Fuel
transmutation
transuranic Wastes
waste Disposal Options
waste Management
NUCLEAR REACTOR OVERVIEW AND REACTOR CYCLES
accelerator Driven System
chicago Pile
fast Breeder Reactor
fusion Reactor
natural Reactors
nuclear History
nuclear Reactions
nuclear Reactors
oklo
reactor Cycles
reactor Types
THE NUCLEAR REACTOR CLOSED CYCLE
advanced reactor cycles
breeder reactor
closed cycle
depleted uranium
enrichment
fission nuclides
fuel fabrication
maintenance wastes
nuclear reactor cycles
reprocessing
retired weapons
spent fuel
SAFETY OF BOILING WATER REACTORS
Boiling system
Boiling water reactor
Burnout
Cladding failure
Control rod
Critical heat flux
Critical power ratio
Departure from nucleate boiling
Design basis accident
Dryout
Emergency core coolant system
Film boiling
Fission product
Flow regime
Heat transfer regime
Hot channel
Hot spot
Light water reactor
Linear heat generation rate
Loss of coolant accident
Mechanical limit
Minimum critical power ratio
Nuclear power
Nuclear quality
Nuclear reactors
Nuclear safety
Nucleate boiling
Onset of transition boiling
Operation margin
Overheating
Peaking factor
Pressurized water reactor
Safety barrier
Thermal limit
Transition boiling.
Boiling crisis
SUPERCRITICAL WATER-COOLED NUCLEAR REACTORS: REVIEW AND STATUS
critical point
heat transfer
hydraulic resistance
pseudocritical point.
supercritical water
thermophysical properties
Nuclear reactor
THE GAS-TURBINE MODULAR HELIUM REACTOR
Brayton Cycle
Gas Turbine-Modular Helium Reactor (GT-MHR)
Hydrogen Production
Next Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP)
Power Conversion System (PCS)
Reactor Cavity Cooling System (RCCS)
Sulfur-Iodine (S-I) Cycle
TRISO
High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor (HTGR)
APPLICATION OF RISK ASSESSMENT TO NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
Core Damage
Nuclear Power
PRA
PSA
Reactor Safety.
Risk Assessment
Uncertainty
Probabilistic Risk Analysis
DIRECT SOLAR ENERGY
photochemistry
photovoltaics
satellite power conversion
solar cells
solar collectors
solar drying
solar energy
solar energy storage
solar environmental impacts
solar radiation
solar space heating
solar thermal power generation
solar water heating
SOLAR DRYING - A TECHNOLOGY FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD PRODUCTION
design
developments
dryers
efficiencies
non-technical factors
performance
prospects
solar
technology transfer
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES CHARGED WITH ENERGY FROM THE SUN AND ORIGINATED FROM EARTH-MOON INTERACTION
Anaerobic digestion
Angle of attack
Aquaculture
Barrage
Betz criterion
Bio-chemical conversion
Biogas
Biomass
Blade
Closed cycle OTEC
Cofferdam
Cold water pipe
Combustion
Dam
Deep Ocean Water Application
Diurnal tide
Drag machine
Energy Conversion
Energy Source
Ethanol
Fermentation
Floating plant
Gasification
Histogram
Lift machine
Methane tank
Municipal wastes
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
Open cycle OTEC
Photosynthesis
Pitch angle
Pitch control
Potable water
Primary biomass
Pyrolysis
Semidiurnal tide
Sluice
Solar Energy
Stall control
Temperature distribution
Thermo-chemical conversion
Tide
Turbine
Wastes
Wave energy
Wave height
Wave length
Wave period
Wind Energy
Wind mill
Wind mill efficiency
Wind speed
ENERGY FROM BIOMASS
anaerobic fermentation
biodiesel
bioetchnology
biomass
charcoal
combustion
energy crops
ethanol
gasification
photosynthesis
phytomass
pyrolysis
thermochemical сonversion
DIRECT COMBUSTION OF BIOMASS
Combustion
Biomass
THERMOCHEMICAL CONVERSION OF BIOMASS
biomass
bio-oil
charcoal
co-current gasifier
counter flow gasifier
fast pyrolysis
fischer-tropsch liquids
fluidized bed gasifier
gasification
liquid fuels
methanol
power generation
pyrolysis
syngas
thermochemistry
WIND ENERGY
Betz coefficient
Blade
Darrieus rotor
Flettner rotor
Generator
Horizontal axis
Pitch
Power coefficient
Sail
Stall
Tip ratio
Torque
Vertical axis
Water pumping
Wind mill
Wind power
Wind speed
Wind wheel
Wind
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS AND METEOROLOGY OF WIND
average wind speed
extreme wind conditions
gust
hub height
icing
normal wind conditions
rayleigh distribution
standard deviation
weibull distribution
wind
wind energy
wind power
wind sheer
wind speed
wind turbulence
FUNDAMENTALS OF ENERGY EXTRACTION FROM WIND
airfoil
angle of attack
angular velocity
blade
blade tip
blade twist
cut-in speed
cut-out speed
drag force
drive train
lift force
lift to drag ratio
pitch
pitch angle
power coefficient
wind
wind power
wind speed
WIND MILLS WITH HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL SHAFT
aerodynamic stall
airfoil
blade
darrieus rotor
drag force
drive train
fatigue
gearbox
lift force
lift to drag ratio
pitch
pitch angle
power coefficient
rotational speed
savonius rotor
self starting
tip speed ratio
torque
tower
variable-speed turbine
wind
wind power
wind speed
yawing mechanism
WIND INSTALLATION FOR WATER PUMPING, AUTONOMOUS AND GRID-CONNECTED POWER PRODUCTION
aquifer
draw down
grid connected turbine
hybrid system
stand alone turbine
turbulence
wake
water head
water pumping
well
wind
wind farm
wind power
wind speed
wind turbine array
ECONOMICS OF WIND INSTALLATIONS
annual energy production
cost of electricity
cost of installed kilowatt
life cycle cost
operation and maintenance costs
resource planning
site
site preparation
wind
WIND INSTALLATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT
acoustic
aesthetic
emissions
environment
infrasound
noise
wind
NATURAL TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES AS AN ENERGY SOURCE
energy
heat
OTEC
temperature
TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES IN THE OCEAN AT LOW LATITUDE AND BETWEEN SEA OR RIVER WATER AND AIR AT HIGH LATITUDES
AWTEC
DOW
Energy storage
Temperature differences
Thermal energy
OTEC
SCHEMES AND CYCLES FOR OCEAN TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES UTILIZATION
ocean Temperature Differences
ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
OTEC
renewable Energy
solar Energy
SCHEMES AND CYCLES OF AIR/WATER TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES UTILIZATION
AWTEC
converter
cycles
power plant
temperature difference
ECONOMICS OF NATURAL TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES UTILIZATION
AWTEC
by-products
cost-benefit
DOWA
economics
efficiency
OTEC
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES OF NATURAL TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES UTILIZATION
AWTEC
effluent
environment
impact
OTEC
WAVE ENERGY
energy conversion
environmental aspects
feasibility indexes
wave power device (WPD)
wave power plant (WPP)
wind waves
WAVE MOTION PHYSICS AND ENERGY POTENTIAL
deep water
energy conversion
energy resources of wind roughness
hydromechanic characteristics of wind roughness
linear waves
nonlinear waves
phase velocity
shallow water
wave height
wave length
wave number
wave period
wind waves
PRINCIPLES OF WIND WAVE ENERGY EXTRACTION
energy conversion
energy extraction
wave phenomena
wave power device (WPD)
wave processes
wind waves
working tool
PROPOSED SYSTEMS FOR WAVE ENERGY CONVERSION
energy conversion
float
wave energy concentration
wave power device (WPD)
wave power plant (WPP)
wind waves
working tool
ECONOMICS OF WAVE POWER PRODUCTION
energy conversion
feasibility indexes
wave power device (WPD)
wind waves
ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF WAVE POWER
biota
energy conversion
environmental aspects
fauna
flora
monitoring
sediment
wave power device (WPD)
wave power plant (WPP)
wind waves
TIDAL ENERGY
energy of Ocean Tides
model of Tidal Energy Usage
tidal Energy
tidal Power Plants
CHARACTERISTICS OF TIDAL ENERGY
diurnal Irregularity
diurnal Tides
energy Potential
inequalities of Tide
mixed Tides
semidiurnal Tides
tides
HISTORICAL SKETCH, PERSPECTIVE AND CLASSIFICATION OF TPP SCHEMES
associated Basins
double Pool Schemes
double-Effect Operation
single Pool Scheme
single-Effect Operation
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF TIDAL POWER PLANTS
non-traditional Technologies
operating Longevity of TPPs
power Generation at TPP
protection from Biological Corrosion
protection from Ice
TPP Capacity
TPP Site
TIDAL POWER PLANT EQUIPMENT
“Straflo” Unit
axial-Flow Turbines
bulb Unit
cycle Generator
orthogonal Unit
reversible Units
step-Up Gear
straight-Flow Unit
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF TIDAL ENERGY
bottom communities
fish
ice regime
plankton
salinity
sediments
social advantage
water exchange
ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF TIDAL ENERGY
capital costs
economic assessment
operating costs
optimized regime
FUTURE OF TIDAL POWER
ecologically Benign Energy
economic Validation of TPP Construction
global Role of TPPs
renewable Energy
tidal Energy
THERMAL POWER PLANTS
capital Investment
environment
plant Operation
power Plants
resources
safety
technology
POWER PLANT TECHNOLOGY
chemistry
economics
energy
materials
power plants
technology
thermodynamic Cycles
POWER PLANT COMBUSTION THEORY
calorific Value
combustion
combustion Products
efficiency
gas Analysis
NUCLEAR FISSION THEORY
neutrons
nuclear Energy
nuclear Physics
nuclear Reactors
THERMAL FLUID THEORY
fluid Flow
heat Exchangers
heat Transfer
two Phases
THERMODYNAMIC THEORY
brayton cycle
carnot cycle
rankine cycle
thermodynamic cycles
thermodynamic processes
POWER PLANT STEAM CYCLE THEORY
carnot Cycle
feedwater Heating.
rankine Cycle
reheating
steam Turbines
superheating
EXERGY ANALYSIS
availability
available Energy
effectiveness
exergy
thermo-economic Analysis
unavailable energy
POWER PLANT MATERIALS
alloys
material Properties
materials
metals
nuclear Reactors
CONDITION ASSESSMENT AND LIFE EXTENSION
assessment
inspection
life Extension
materials
testing
PRODUCTION OF STEAM
combustion products
fuel combustion
geothermal
nuclear
solar
steam generation
FOSSIL FUEL FIRED BOILER PLANT CONFIGURATION
boiler Arrangement
boiler Plant
steam Boilers
FOSSIL FUEL HANDLING
coal
fossil fuels
gas
oil
pulverizing mills
FOSSIL FUEL COMBUSTION SYSTEMS
burners
fluidized beds
fossil fuels
furnaces
gasification
stokers
FOSSIL FUEL FIRED BOILER WATER-STEAM SYSTEM
ash
economizers
furnaces
superheaters
boilers
FOSSIL FUEL FIRED BOILER AIR AND GAS PATH
air
air heaters
combustion
fans
flue gas
sootblowers
FOSSIL FUEL WASTE PRODUCT HANDLING
ash disposal
ash handling
baghouses
desufurization
electrostatic precipitators
exhaust gas treatment
fabric filters
stacks
FOSSIL FUEL PLANT MATERIALS AND CHEMISTRY
boilers
combustion deposits
materials
water chemistry
water treatment
NUCLEAR REACTOR CONFIGURATION
boilers
combustion Deposits
materials
water Chemistry
water Treatment
NUCLEAR REACTOR HEAT REMOVAL
cladding
coolant
fuel
heat transfer
nuclear reactors
NUCLEAR REACTOR STEAM GENERATION
Heat Transfer
Level Control
Pressure Control
Steam Generators
Swelling and Shrinking
Water Circulation
Steam Systems
NUCLEAR REACTOR MATERIALS AND CHEMISTRY
corrosion
materials
nuclear Reactors
water Chemistry
PRODUCTION OF POWER
combined Cycles
heat Rejection
life Extension
thermodynamic Cycles
turbine Principles
STEAM TURBINE CONFIGURATION
steam Turbines
turbine Arrangement
turbine Plant
STEAM TURBINE IMPULSE AND REACTION BLADING
efficiency
impulse
reaction
stages
steam Turbines
turbine Blades
velocity Diagrams
STEAM TURBINE COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS
bearings
blades
cylinders
lubrication
rotors
seals
steam Turbines
STEAM TURBINE STEAM SYSTEM
condensers
deaerators
feedheaters
pipework
reheaters
separators
steam Turbines
STEAM TURBINE OPERATIONAL ASPECTS
back Pressure
governing
moisture
operation
steam Turbines
supersaturation
AIR-COOLED HEAT EXCHANGERS AND COOLING TOWERS
air-cooled Heat Exchangers
cooling Towers
dry Cooling
hybrid Cooling Systems
wet Cooling
GAS TURBINE FUNDAMENTALS
combined cycles
cycles
gas turbines
performance
GAS TURBINES FOR ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION
aero-derivative
base load
cogeneration
combined cycles
heavy Frame
peaking and emergency
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION
alternators
electrical Generators
electrical Power
three Phase Alternating Current
transformers
Last Update: 17 July 2008
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