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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF EARTH AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIOLOGICAL,PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES,ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES,ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF WATER SCIENCES,ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ENERGY SCIENCES,ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGICAL SCIENCES,ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HUMAN RESOURCES POLICY AND MANAGEMENT ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NATURAL RESOURCES POLICY AND MANAGEMENT ENCYCLOPEDIA OF DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC RESOURCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF INSTITUTIONAL AND INFRASTRUCTURAL RESOURCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF TECHNOLOGY,INFORMATION, AND SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT RESOURCES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF REGIONAL SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT REVIEWS

The above simplified figure illuminates the essential interconnectedness of the sixteen component encyclopedias of EOLSS.

 In the real world, the various knowledge domains do not exist in isolation from each other. They form an integrated whole, with links in all directions. It is well known that all forms of human knowledge are inter-connected and inter-related. EOLSS mimics this complexity, the automatic inter-connectedness of the various subject categories facilitating navigation through the vast landscape of EOLSS knowledge. This provides the user with an effective and efficient tool to search, navigate and browse through each of the component encyclopedias, through any combination of the sixteen, or through the whole of EOLSS.

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES

SUBJECT  INDEX (partial listing)

FARM ANIMALS AND HUMAN SOCIETY

animal production

animal wastes

behavior

breed

conservation

disease

domestication

feeds

fertilizers

food

fuels

hormones

immunity

manipulate

materials

mating

medicine

nutrition

organisms

organs

pollution

power

rations

selection

sustainable development

technology

trait

welfare

MINOR DOMESTICATED ANIMALS

ailanthus

angora

apiculture

bees

beeswax

cocoon

domestication

ferret

fisher

fox

furbearer

hive

honey

iguana

lynx

macaques

marten

mink

mulberry

muscardine

myxomatosis

pebrine

pms

rabbit

royal jelly

salmonella

sericulture

silkworm

skep

tussah

varroa

vhd

voltinism

FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE : TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE AQUATIC LIVING RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

aquaculture

aquatic ecosystem

aquatic living resources

artisanal fisheries

bycatch

coastal resource management

coastal zone

developed/wealthy country

developing country

discard

ecological resource

employment

environment

fish

fisheries economy

fisheries management

fisheries policy

freshwater fisheries

industrial fisheries

institutional strengthening

marine fisheries

overcapacity

overfishing

pollution

postharvest

protein

subsidy

sustainable development

Fisheries

HARVESTING THE SEAS

access regulation

conflicts

fisheries

fishery policies.

fishery resources

fishery systems

fishing gear

licences

management

over-capacities

over-fishing

potential yields

production

quotas

WORLD YIELDS OF MARINE ORGANISMS

marine resources

statistical areas.

world fisheries

yield trends

RATIONAL EXPLOITATION AND CONSERVATION OF MARINE ECOSYSTEMS

access regulation

allocation mechanisms

aquaculture

conflicts

ecosystems

equity

fish stocks

fisheries

fishery policies

institutions

overexploitation

policy objectives

pollution

property systems

rational exploitation

resource conservation

sustainable development

use rights

FORECAST OF YIELDS

development trends and potential

marine fisheries

sustainable yields

POLLUTION OF THE HYDROSPHERE AND QUALITY CONTROL IN NATURAL WATERS

environmental management

Hydrosphere

monitoring and assessment

water quality control

pollution

MARINE ORGANISMS AS FOOD, FORAGE, INDUSTRIAL, AND MEDICAL PRODUCTS

agar

algae

alginate

aquaculture

bacterial biopolymers

by-products

canned

carrageenan

chilled

chitin

chitosan

composition

cured

demersal fish

dha

drying

epa

fatty fish

feed

fish

fish meal

fish oil

food

food poisoning

fresh

frozen

health

history

hydrolysates

invertebrates

krill

lean fish

microorganisms

novel proteins

nutrition

packaging

pelagic fish

phycocolloids

polyunsaturated fatty acids

salting

seafood

seaweeds

secondary metabolites

semi-preserves

shellfish

silage

smoking

statistics

surimi

under-utilised resources

waste

yield

ALLOCATION OF USE RIGHTS AND ADJUSTMENT OF INSTITUTIONS

access regulation

allocation mechanisms

aquaculture

conflicts

conservation

ecosystems

fish stocks

fisheries

institutions

licenses

management structures

over-exploitation

pollution

quotas

resource property

sovereignty

territorial rights

use rights

SUBSIDIES TO FISHING

aquatic living resources

employment

environment

fish,fisheries

fisheries management

fisheries policy

fishing

government financial transfers

marine fisheries

oecd

over-capacity

over-fishing, subsidies

subsidy.

FISHING PORT MANAGEMENT, THE FORGOTTEN SUBJECT

artisanal fisheries

coastal resource management

coastal zone

developing country

employment

environment

fisheries

fisheries management

fisheries policy

industrial fisheries

institutional strengthening

marine fisheries

pollution

sustainable development

MARINE FISH AND INVERTEBRATES: BIOLOGY AND HARVESTING TECHNOLOGY

acoustic biomass estimation

anthropogenic

aquaculture

benthepelagic

biomass

calanoid

calcified tissues

cation and anion densities

caudal fin neritic species

copepods

demersal

diadromous species

discards

ecological

ecosystems

epibenthic epipelagic layers

equilibrium yield

euphausiids

exogenous

fecundity

fecundity

finfish

fisheries

gadoid

genotype

harvesting

hydrography

management

morphometrics

mortality

nacre

netric

otoliths

pelagic

phytoplankton

population

population

pots

purse seines

recruitment

semidemersal

somatic growth

species

stocks

teleost fishes

thermocline

trophic

trophic

SCHOOLING FINFISH (CODS, HERRINGS, SARDINES, MACKERELS, AND OTHERS)

biology

catches

habitat

utilization

schooling fish

SCHOOLING FINFISH: AN OVERVIEW OF THE TUNAS, BILLFISHES AND SHARKS

behavior

billfish

biology

distribution

ecology

feeding

fishery

migration

shark

spawning

systematics

thermoregulation

tuna

SHRIMPS AND KRILL

crustaceans

Krill

Shrimps

CRABS AND LOBSTERS

biology

fisheries

fishing gear

lobsters

management

crabs

SHELLED MOLLUSCS

aquaculture

biology

bivalves

fisheries

fishing gears

gastropods

management

SQUID, OCTOPUS AND THE LIVING CEPHALOPODS

aquaculture

cephalopods

cuttlefish nautilus

life-history

management

octopus

production

squid

ORANGE ROUGHY AND OTHER DEEPWATER BENTHIC FISHES

alfonsinos

black cardinal fish

black scabbard fish

orange roughy

oreos

round nose grenadier

tooth fish

FLATFISHES AND SKATES

biology

catches

commercial

flat fishes

skates

MARINE PLANTS: PRODUCTION AND UTILIZATION

seaweed

agars

alginic acid

aquaculture

carrageenans

costal zone

polysaccharids

Marine plant

COMMERCIAL SEA CUCUMBERS AND TREPANG MARKETS

aspidochirotid

beche-de-mer

biology

dendrochirotid

ecology

fishery

holothurian

management.

market

overexploitation

processing

statistics

stock

trepang

sea cucumber

THE IMPORTANCE OF NON-COMMERCIAL FISH

artisanal fisheries

bycatch.

coastal zone

juveniles

larvae

subsistence fisheries

THE PROBLEM OF DISCARDS IN FISHERIES

biology

bycatch

catch

discards

ecology

economic

fishery

fishing gear

impact

marine

overview

social

species

target

wastage

world

FISHERIES ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY; FISHING FLEET OPERATION AND ECONOMICAL CONSIDERATIONS

alternative fishing methods

artisanal fisheries

developed country

developing country

fish conservation and processing

fisheries engineering

fishing capacity

fishing efficiency

fishing effort

fishing equipment

fishing fleet operation

fishing fleet productivity

fishing fleets

fishing gear

fishing power

fishing productivity

fishing technique selection

fishing vessels

impact of fishing operations

industrial fisheries

investment

investment opportunities

monitoring and control of the fishing operations

multipurpose vessels

operations cost

resources needed for different fishing techniques

safety

selective fishing

sustainable development

technology

waste generated by fishing vessels

working conditions

SUBSISTENCE HUNTING OF MARINE MAMMALS

conservation

dugongs and manatees

management

marine mammals

polar bears

seals

subsistence hunting

whales

INLAND FISHERIES

environmental impact

fish production

fisheries ecology

inland fisheries

rivers; lakes

TRENDS IN WORLD YIELDS FOR INLAND WATERS

global trends

regional trends

species composition.

world yields

SALMONID FISH: BIOLOGY, CONSERVATION STATUS, AND ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF WILD AND CULTURED STOCKS

aquaculture

aquatic ecosystems

atlantic salmon

conservation

ecology of fish

fisheries

fisheries management

fresh water

genetic strains

genetic variation

habitat

marine fisheries

ocean migration

over-fishing

salmonid life history

salmonid strains and stocks

salmonids

sockeye salmon

COMMERCIALLY IMPORTANT CATADROMOUS FISH

anguillids

Atlantic eels

Indo Pacific eels

Japanese eels

sustainable management.

catadromous fish

SHAD OF THE NORTHEASTERN ATLANTIC AND THE WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN : BIOLOGY, ECOLOGY, AND HARVESTING

biology

distribution

general characteristics

harvesting

threats.

systematic charecteristics

DAMS, POLLUTION AND OTHER IMPEDIMENTS TO MIGRATION AND SPAWNING

displacement

fish

floodplain

freshwater

habitat

hybridization

impoundment

migration

obstacle

pollution

reproduction

water quality

water removal

FRESHWATER FISH: HARVEST TECHNOLOGY

fishing methods

nets

seines

traps

trawls

COLDWATER FISH: WHITEFISH AND SMELT

aquaculture

brackish waters

cages

capture fisheries

coregonids

floating net pens

fresh water

gill-netting

hatchery

lakes

net value

non-inland waters

osmerids

pond culture

ponds

pumped water

rivers

seining

smelts

traps

whitefish

WARM WATER FISH: THE CARP FAMILY

barbells

brackish water

carp

morphology

warm water fish

WARM WATER FISH: THE PERCH, PIKE, AND BASS FAMILIES

aquaculture

behaviour

breeding

centrarchids

ecology

esocids

feeding

fisheries

genetics

growth

muskellunge

perch

percids

pike

pike-perch

population dynamics

production

reproduction

striped bass

walleye

white bass

yellow perch

THE TILAPIINI TRIBE: ENVIRONMENTAL, AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF REPRODUCTION AND GROWTH

biology

environmental/social factors.

fish

growth

physiology

reproduction

sex determination

sex differentiation

sexual dimorphisms

tilapia

Freshwater aquaculture

OVERVIEW OF THE CATFISHES AQUACULTURE

aquaculture

biology

catfish

STURGEONS AND CAVIAR

biogeography

caviar

gastronomy.

reproduction

sturgeon exploitation

sturgeon meat

systematics

morphology

EDIBLE FROGS

aquaculture

aquatic ecosystem

biology

deseases

ecology

edible frogs

harvesting

population decline

CRUSTACEANS

crayfish

Crustaceans

prawn

RECREATIONAL SPORT FISHING IN FRESH WATERS

angling

animal welfare

catch-and-release

ecotourism

fisheries management

fishery enhancement

fishery regulations

fishery valuation

game fishing

habitat management

introductions

match fishing

natural fisheries

put-and-take fisheries

rehabilitation

sport fishing

stock assessment

stocking

AQUACULTURE: PRINCIPLES AND PROSPECTS

algae

aquaculture

aquatic plants

crustacea

endangered species mollusks

environmental resources

fish

ranching

stock enhancement

MARINE SHRIMP FARMING

breeding

disease

environment

grow-out

history

larval rearing

market

penaeids

production

production systems

selective breeding

shrimp farming

shrimps

FRESHWATER AQUACULTURE AND POLYCULTURE

carp

density

fertilization

fish farming systems

freshwater aquaculture

nutrition

polyculture

pond dynamics

reproduction

statistics

stocking

tilapia

ENGINEERING AND BIO-TECHNOLOGIES IN AQUACULTURE

Biotechnologies are intensively applied to the production and product processing in aquaculture

Domestication of new species is a continuous process in aquaculture and benefit from the help of intensive R&D activities

Engineering technologies deal with all physical and mechanical aspects to handle water and organisms

Environment is now a major concern in aquaculture development and require specific technologies to limit pollution

Hatcheries is a central tool in aquaculture providing juvenile for ranching and farming

Processing raw material from aquaculture has taken advantage of the know-how of the fisheries and agro industry

Aquaculture benefit from technologies developed traditionally in the fields of engineering and more recently in biology

DISEASES AND PATHOLOGY OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS

aquaculture

biolistics

disease

genetic selection

genetic transformation

heat shock proteins

immunity

immunodiagnosis

lysozyme

oxidative killing

pathology

stress

FISH FARMING IN THE TROPICS

aquatic biodiversity

cage culture

cheap animal protein

environmental impacts

environmental protection

fish

fish culture

fish farming

fish farming principles

fish growth

fish husbandry

genetic improvement

government policies

harvest

human consumption

induced breeding

integrated farming

market development

marketing

monosex fishes

parasites and diseases

polyculture

pond culture

processing economics

sustainable fisheries

tank culture

tilapia farming

tropical fish farming

tropics

warmwater fishes

MARINE PLANT AQUACULTURE

aquaculture

aquatic living resources

aquatic system

artisanal fisheries

consumption

costal resources management

marine gums

marine seaweeds

ACCLIMATIZATION OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS IN CULTURE

acclimatization

aquaculture

crustacean

domestication.

environmental factors

extensive culture

fish

intensive culture

light

mollusc

oxygen

salinity

shrimps

temperature

AQUACULTURE MANAGEMENT

aquaculture management

development

regulatory framework

social equity

sustainability

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF AQUACULTURE

discharge

environmental effects and impacts

fish production

release

sustainability

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF INTRODUCED ALIEN SPECIES

aquaculture

aquatic living organism

code of practice

competition

exotic

fish introduction

fish transfer

fisheries

hybridization

introgression

native species

predation

species

stocking

strain

TRENDS IN AQUACULTURE PRODUCTION AND NUTRIENT SUPPLY

aquaculture

china

compound aquafeeds

environment

farming systems

feed ingredients

feeding habits

fish oil

fishmeal

global challenges

intensification

livestock feeds

nutrients

production trends

sustainable development

ECONOMICS OF FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE

aquaculture

capture fisheries

complexities of capture fisheries

ecosystems

fisheries overexploitation

fisheries rents loss

future supply of fish products

global fisheries inefficiency

historical evolution of fisheries

inland capture fisheries

mariculture

marine capture fisheries

optimal fishing paths

the common property problem

Fish farming

A DYNAMIC THEORY OF FISHERIES INVESTMENT

Clark-Munro rule

discounting

fisheries transition.

Fisheries investment

SPATIAL BIOECONOMIC DYNAMICS OF MARINE FISHERIES

marine protected areas

metapopulations

source-sink

spatial fisheries management

Spatial bioeconomic analysis

THE SITUATION IN WORLD FISHERIES

artisanal fishing

coastal fisheries

co-management

Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)

fishing effort

fishmeal

food security

food-web

Illegal

individual transferable quotas (ITQs)

inland fisheries

Marine Stewardship Council

open access

overfishing

recreational fishing

territorial use rights (TURFs)

total allowable catch (TAC)

trophic level

UNCLOS III

Unreported and Unregulated fishing (IUU)

World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD).

Aquaculture

FISHERIES MANAGEMENT: BASIC PRINCIPLES

community fishing rights

costs of fisheries management

economic fisheries management

fisheries enforcement

fisheries judicial system

fisheries management

fisheries management by taxation

fisheries management regime

fisheries management system

fishing licences

individual quotas (IQs)

individual transferable quotas (ITQs)

monitoring control and surveillance

property rights

sole ownership

territorial use rights

Fisheries problem

COMMUNITY FISHERIES MANAGEMENT

community rights

community-based management

incentives

transactions costs

co-management

MANAGEMENT OF STRADDLING FISH STOCKS: A BIOECONOMIC APPROACH

cooperation

free-rider

illegal

new member

non-cooperation

open-access

regional fisheries management organization

straddling fish stock

unregulated and unreported fishing

bioeconomic model

ECONOMICS OF AQUACULTURE

environmental cost

externalities

food security

indicators

polyculture

reference points

rural development

Aquaculture

ADAPTATIONS TO LIFE IN ESTUARIES

climate change

disturbance

fisheries

hypoxia

osmoregulation

pollution

stress

turbidity

salinity

ADAPTATIONS TO LIFE IN MARINE CAVES

adaptation

behavior

biodiversity

cave diving

caves

conservation

Crustacea

ecology

endangered species

evolution

evolution

Remipedia

stygofauna

Tethys Sea

Anchialine

PHYTOPLANKTON AND PRIMARY PRODUCTION

photosynthesis

photosynthesis-irradiance curves

photosynthetically active radiation

phytoplankton

primary production

ultraviolet radiation

upper mixed layer

vertical mixing.

carbon dioxide

MICROZOOPLANKTON, KEY ORGANISMS IN THE PELAGIC FOOD WEB

bottom-up

ciliate

climate

dinoflagellate

food webs

grazing

human effects

marine

phytoplankton

top-down

Microzooplankton

LARGER ZOOPLANKTON, ITS ROLE IN THE PELAGIC FOOD WEBS

biomass and metabolic requirements

carbon cycle

climate effects

human exploitation

macrophagy

microphagy

pelagic food webs

Metazoan zooplankton

EFFECTS OF RISING SEAWATER TEMPERATURE ON CORAL REEFS

Coral reef bleaching

Coral reef ecosystem

Ecosystem benefits

Ecosystem collapse

Emerging infectious marine diseases

Extreme climate events (Hurricanes)

Pelagic fisheries

Recommendations

Reef fisheries

Climate change (Global warming)

REEF RESTORATION AS A FISHERIES MANAGEMENT TOOL

Carrying capacity

Degradation

Fisheries

Habitat

Overharvesting

Reef

Restoration

Standing stocks

Coral

CLIMATE CHANGE AND FISHERIES

El Nio-Southern Oscillation

fisheries management

fisheries sciences

Global warming

interannual

interdecadal

multidecadal

North Atlantic Oscillation

Pacific Decadal Oscillation

Climate change

MELTING OF POLAR ICECAPS:IMPACT ON FISHERIES

climate change

fisheries

global warming

sea ice

sea level rise

thermohaline circulation

Polar icecaps

MELTING OF POLAR ICECAPS:IMPACT ON MARINE BIODIVERSITY

Antarctic Peninsula

benthos

chemoautotrophic ecosystems

deglaciation

diachrony

freshening

ice scour

ice shelf

larvae

planktotrophic

Polar Front

recolonisation.

sedimentation

Spitsbergen

stenothermal

stratification

Regional warming

FOOD QUALITY AND STANDARDS

basic concepts of food standardization

biological contamination

chemical contamination

codex alimentarius (ca)

codex alimentarius commission (cac)

commodity (product) standards

contaminant

fao/who food standard program

food

food additives

food and agriculture organization of un (fao)

food chain

food control

food hygiene

food labeling

food law

food legislation

food quality

food quality and assurance

food quality indices

food regulation

food safety

genetically modified organism (gmo)

good manufacturing practice (gmp)

hazard analysis critica control point ( haccp)

history of the food quality standards

in-process quality control

inspection of foods

intarnational standardization organization (iso)

international plant protection convention (ippc)

international standard

international standardization organization

national standard

national standardization organization

office international des epizooties ( oie, world organization or animal health )

packaging of foods

pesticide residues

pesticides

predictive microbiology

quality control of finished products

quality control of raw materials

quarantine

standardization

standardization organizations

standards

veterinary drug residues

veterinary drugs

withdraval time

world health organization (who)

world trade organization.

SYSTEMS OF FOOD QUALITY STANDARDS

biological contaminants

codex

commodity standards

food additives

food adulterations

food contaminants

food law

food quality

food safety

food standards

international standards

iso

national standards

pesticides

regional standards

trade regulation

veterinary drugs

HISTORY OF FOOD QUALITY STANDARDS

adulteration

chemical contaminants

codex alimentarius

food additives

food hygiene

food law

food quality

food safety

food standard

industrial revolution

international standardization

middle ages

pesticides

public health

veterinary drugs

BASIC CONCEPTS OF FOOD STANDARDS

commodity standards

food act

food law

food regulation

food standards

manufacturer values

national/regional/international standards

quality requirements

quality standards

sampling

standardization

standards of grade

standards of identification

test methods

NATIONAL STANDARDS

customers

food act

food additives

food contaminants

food inspection

food law

food safety

food standards

hygienic practice

labeling

packaging

REGIONAL STANDARDS

aidmo

arab organization for standardization

arso, european committee for standardization (cen)

cen, iso

codex regional committees for standardization

ec directives and standards, efta

euro asian council for standardization

metrology and certification (easc)

nmkl

pacific area standards congress (pasc)

pan american standards commission (copant)

standards, asea

INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF FOOD QUALITY STANDARDS

aoac

codex alimentarius

codex alimentarius commission

fao

food quality

icc

idf

ippc

iso

iso technical committee

iufoost

oecd

oie

standard

who

wto

FOOD SAFETY

adi

agriculture

agrochemicals

biogenic amines

biological contamination

bse

chemical contaminants

chemical hazards

codex alimentarius (ca)

codex alimentarius commission (cac)

ddt

diarrhea

dioxins

environmental pollution

fao

food allergy

food handlers

food intolerance

food irradiation

food safety

food, food additives

foodborne disease

gems/food

genetically modified foods (gmfs)

jecfa

jmpr mrl

marine biotoxins

mycotoxins

nutritional hazards

pathogen

pesticides

plant toxicants

polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs)

ptwi

radionuclides

risk

toxic metals

veterinary drugs

who

wto

FOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICES AND SANITATION

allergy

antioxidant

bacteriocin

biotechnology

fermentation

food preservation

food technology

genetic engineering

good manufacturing practice (gmp)

haccp

personal hygiene

rodent control

sanitation

FOOD CHAIN MANAGEMENT

agriculture

animal husbandry

antibiotics

cleaning

distribution

food chain

food processing

food safety

food service

good agricultural practice (gap)

good manufacturing practice (gmp)

hazard analysis and critical control point (haccp)

integrated pest management (ipm)

nutraceuticals

pesticides

sanitation

storage

transport

veterinary drugs

war

FOOD SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION

air pollution

chemicals

dioxins

food safety

foodborne disease

good agricultural practice

health hazards

integrated pest management (ipm)

lead pollution

methyl mercury

nitrogen dioxide

pesticides residues

radionuclide emission

sulfur dioxide

FOOD LAWS AND REGULATION

adulteration

chemical/microbial/environmental contamination

code of hygienic practice

food act

food additives

food labeling, harmonization

food law

food regulation

food standards

health risks

nonobservable effect level (noel)

residue limits

PREDICTIVE MICROBIOLOGY

contaminant

food pathogens

food safety

generation time

mechanistic model

microbial contamination

microbial food quality

microbial growth

microbial growth models

microbial risk

predictive microbiology

simulation

temperature

water activity

FOOD QUALITY AND ASSURANCE

antinutritive compounds

antioxidants

bha

bht

codex alimentarius (ca)

contaminants

elisa

enzymatic methods

fao, food additives

food irradiation

genetically modified food (gmf)

hazard analysis and critical control points (haccp)

immunological methods

in-process control

iso

lipids

mycotoxins

nutritive value

oxalic acid

pesticides

physico-chemical analysis

phytic acid

saccharides

sensory value

toxic compounds

trace elements

veterinary drugs

vitamins

who

QUALITY CONTROL OF RAW MATERIALS

atomic absorption spectrometry (aas)

canola, cereals

cottonseed

dfd meat

eggs

fish

fruit

garlic

grains, beans

high performance liquid chromatography (hplc)

legumes

milk

nir (near- infra-red)

oilseeds

poultry

pse meat

raw materials

salt

spices

sugar

thin layer chromatography (tlc)

triticale

vegetables

water

IN-PROCESS QUALITY CONTROL

critical limits

enzymatic methods

gmf

gmp

haccp

immunological methods

minerals

mycotoxins

qmp

raw materials

sensory active compounds

toxic compounds

trace elements

water activity

QUALITY CONTROL OF FINISHED PRODUCTS

antioxidants

fiber

food stabilizers

haccp

labeling

nutraceuticals

nutrition

packaging

preservatives

quality control

sensory value

shelf life

toxins

vitamins

FOOD QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR CHILDREN AND SPECIFIC DIETARY PURPOSES

ilsi

allergy

ccfl

dietary foods

food fortification

functional foods

haccp

health claims

infant foods

low-calorie food

nutrients

nutrition

trace elements

vitamins

FOOD QUALITY INDICES

adhesiveness

anti-nutrients

aroma substances

biological contaminants

chemical composition

flavor

food packaging

fortification

labeling

microbial characteristics

micronutrients

moisture

mycotoxins

odor

quality control

sensory qualities

shelf life

taste

texture

thresholds

veterinary drugs

vitamins

water activity

water content

MEAT AND MEAT PRODUCTS

aroma

carcass meat

chemical composition

foodborne disease

haccp

lean meat ratio

meat products

microbial growth

pesticides

phosphatase test

poultry

protein denaturation

pse meats

tqm

uniformity

veterinary drugs

weep

FOOD QUALITY AND STANDARDS PERTAINING TO FISH

appearance

aroma

ciguatera poisoning

color

contamination

fish

flavor

freezing

freshness

haccp

heavy metals

histamine

insects

k-value

marine toxins

nutritional value

odor, parasites

off-flavor

pesticide residues

product standards

rigor mortis

seafood

sensory assessment

storage life

taint

tenderness

texture

waterholding capacity

MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS

antibiotics

butter

cheese

composition

contaminants

cream

kefir

mastitis

methylene blue test

milk

off-flavor

pesticides

purity

rezazurin test

sensory properties

sour cream

standards

veterinary drugs

yoghurt

FRUITS AND VEGETABLES

appearance

athocyanins

carotenoids

chemical composition

color

colorimeter

contamination

eec

flavor

freshness

hplc

labeling

nir

nutritive value

packaging

sensory assessment

tenderometer

texture

vegetable quality

GRAINS, PULSES, AND OILSEEDS

alimentary pastes

alveograph

amylolytic activity

Besatz

brown rice

extensograph

farinograph

gliadin

gluten

glutenin

grains

legumes

milling

mixograph

oilseeds

pulses

pulses

triticale

valorigraph

Aflatoxin

COFFEE, TEA, AND SPICES

capsaicin

coffee

coffee color

cup quality

dry process

flavor

food quality

food safety

mustard

off-flavor

organoleptic

paprika

pepper

quality control

spices

tea

uniformity

vanilla

vinegar

wet process

Adulteration

INSPECTION, QUARANTINE, AND QUALITY CONTROL ORGANIZATIONS

codex alimentarius (ca)

eoq

food control

food controller

food inspection

import/export inspection

ippc

oie

product recall

quality control

quarantine

sps

sps agreement

tbt

tbt agreement

withdrawal period

wto

QUALITY CONTROL OF PLANT GROWTH, PLANT PROTECTION, AND QUARANTINE

insecticides

integrated pest management

IPPC

pesticides

pesticides residues

plant growth promoters

regulation

sustainable agriculture

toxicity

Good agricultural practice

QUALITY CONTROL OF ANIMAL DEVELOPMENT, ANIMAL PROTECTION, AND QUARANTINE

animal husbandry

antibacterials

antibiotics

growth promoters

no-effect level

nutraceuticals

residual hormones

residue limit

toxicity

veterinary drugs

Acceptable daily intake (ADI)

LEGISLATION AND QUALITY CONTROL OF FOOD PRODUCTS

acceptable daily intake (adi)

codex

food act

food code

food definition

food law

food legislation

food testing

health protection

legislation

material handling

monitoring, process control

product packaging

product preparation

product testing

quality control

raw material control

regulations

total quality management (tqm)

LOCATIONS AND TASKS OF THE MAIN INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS FOR FOOD CONTROL SYSTEMS

afnor

cac

din

eec

expert committees

fao

fda

ippc

iso

oie

who

wTO

FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

anaerobic

antibiotic

ascomycetes

ascospora

ascus

bacteria

botulism

budding

coccus

colony

facultative aerobic

filament

filamentous fungi

film yeasts

food microbiology

foodborne diseses

foodborne pathogens

fungi imperfecti

HACCP

heterofermentative

homofermentative

hypha

industrial use of microorganisms (molds, yeasts, bacteria)

lactic acid bacteria

mesophilic

methods in food microbiology

microaerobic

microorganism

molds

morphological characteristics

mycelium

pasteurization

preservation of foods

psychrophilic

single cell protein

spoilage of foods

spore

sterilization

thermophilic

true yeast

water activity

yeasts

aerobic

MICRO-ORGANISMS IMPORTANT IN FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

anaerobic

bacteria

citric acid production by fungi

classification of molds( bacteria, yeasts )

facultative aerobic

growth and multiplication(of molds, yeasts, bacteria )

industrial use of microorganisms ( molds, yeasts, bacteria)

mesophilic

microaerobic

molds

morphological characteristics ( of molds, yeasts, bacteria)

physiological characteristics ( of molds, yeasts, bacteria)

psychrophilic

spore

thermophilic

yeasts

yeasts of industrial importance

aerobic

SPOILAGE AND PRESERVATION OF FOOD

cereal products

cereals

chilling

dairy products

drying

eggs

fish

freezing

fruits

heat treatment

meat

meat products

microbiology of foods

milk

pasteurization

poultry

preservation of foods

preservatives

principles of prevention of spoilage

seafood

spoilage of foods

sterilization

vegetables

canning

YEASTS

ascospore

ascus

autolysis

baker’s yeast

bottom yeast

brewer’s yeast

budding

classification of yeasts

distillers yeast

fermentation

film yeast

fungi imperfecti

industrially important yeasts

physiology of yeasts

production of nutrients and enzymes by yeast

properties of yeasts

reproduction

top yeast

wine yeast

yeast autolysate

yeast biomass

yeast production

ascomycetes

yeast protein preparations

LACTIC ACID BACTERIA

bacteriocins

bifidobacteria

classification of lactic acid bacteria

fermentation of disaccharides

fermentation of hexoses

fermentation of pentoses

heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria

homofermentative lactic acid bacteria

industrial use of lactic acid bacteria

lactic acid bacteria (LAB)

lactic acid bacteria and health

lactic acid bacteria in cereal processing

Lactobacillus acidophylus

Lactobacillus bulgaricus

Lactobacillus delbrückii

Lactobacillus plantarum

Lactococcus lactis

lactose intolerance

metabolism of lactic acid bacteria

phages of lactic acid bacteria

probiotics

starters

antibacterial components

FOODBORNE PATHOGENS

botulism

Campylobacter jejuni

Clostridium botulinum

control and prevention of infection with pathogens

Escherichia coli

Listeria monocytogenes

prevention and control . salmonella infection

salmonellosis

Shigella

sources of contamination with pathogens

staphylococcal poisoning

Staphylococcus aureus

Bacillus cereus

TESTING METHODS IN FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

aseptic technique

ATP bioluminescence

coliforms

colony forming units

cultivation

differential media

dilution

DNA probe

Escherichia coli

growth media

HACCP

identification

immunoassay

impedance

incubation

inoculation

isolation

microarray

molecular techniques

most probable number

pathogens

PCR

petrifilm

PFGE

plate count

polymerase chain reaction

pour plate

pure culture

RFLP

Salmonella enterica

sampling

selective media

spiral plater

spoilage

spread plate

Staphylococcus aureus

streaking

total count

viable count

aerobic plate count

FOOD CHEMISTRY

alternative sweeteners

amino acids

amylase

aneurin

antioxidants

antivitamin

aroma compounds

ascorbic acid

ash

carbohydrates

carotenes

cereals

chemical composition of foods

chemical preservatives

coloring matters

contaminants

dietary fiber

dioxins

eggs

enzymes

fish

flavor

food safety

fruits

legumes

lipids

meat

milk

minerals

mycotoxins

nutritive value

oilseeds

peptides

pesticides residues

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAHs )

protease

protein isolate

proteins

provitamin

riboflavin

single cell protein

synthetic colorants

taste substances

tiamin

toxic heavy metals

trace elements

vegetables

veterinary drug residues.vitamins.

additives

FOOD PROTEINS AND ENZYMES

amino acid

blood proteins

cereal proteins

chemistry of food proteins

concentrates

denaturation

egg proteins

enzymes

fruit proteins

hydrolysate

hydrolysis

isolates

meat proteins

microalgae proteins

milk proteins

nutritive value

oilseed proteins

peptides

polyphenoloxidases

proteases

structure

vegetable proteins

yeast proteins.

amylases

legume proteins

FOOD LIPIDS

fats

fatty acids

frying

health and lipids

margarine

minor lipids

nutrition and lipids

oils

oilseeds

phospholipids

rancidity

shortening

sterols

technology of fats and oils.

fat replacers

CARBOHYDRATES

caramellization

carbohydrates

classification

derivatives of monosaccharides

dietary fiber

flavor

lactose intolerance

Maillard reaction

melanoidine

monosaccharides

oligosaccharides

polysaccharides

texture

thermally induced changes

acrylamide

ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS

anticaking agents

antimicrobial agents

antioxidants

dioxin

emulsifier

emulsion

flour improvers

food additive

food contaminant

mycotoxicosis

mycotoxin

PAH

PCB

pesticide residues

pesticides

preservatives

veterinary drug residues

veterinary drugs

antibiotics

Last Update: 3 November 2007


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