ENVIRONMENTAL STRUCTURE AND FUCTION: CLIMATE SYSTEM

Edited by : George Vadimovich Gruza,

Institute of Global Climate and Ecology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia

1. The Global Climate

John M. Wallace, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, USA

Components and Interactions in the Global Climate System

John M. Wallace, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, USA

Land Surface Hydrology, Convection, Atmospheric Water Vapor and Cloud Formation

John M. Wallace, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, USA

Oceans and Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions

John M. Wallace, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, USA

Upper Atmosphere Chemistry and Circulation

Aleksey A. Krivolutski, Central Aerological Observatory, Russia

Nina Alexandrovna Zaitseva, Division of the Earth Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia

Biogeochemistry of Greenhouse Gases and Reflective Aerosols

Igor L. Karol, Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory, Russia

Andrey A. Kiselev, Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory, Russia

Development of Global Climate Models

George Vadimovich Gruza, Institute of Global Climate and Ecology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia

World Climate Program

George Vadimovich Gruza, Institute of Global Climate and Ecology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia

2. Climate and Weather Variability

Chester F. Ropelewski, Climate Monitoring and Dissemintation, USA

Air Temperature

Chester F. Ropelewski, Climate Monitoring and Dissemintation, USA

Atmospheric Humidity and Precipitation

Chester F. Ropelewski, Climate Monitoring and Dissemintation, USA

Atmospheric Pressure and Wind

Chester F. Ropelewski, Climate Monitoring and Dissemintation, USA

Major Forms of Weather Disturbances

Chester F. Ropelewski, Climate Monitoring and Dissemintation, USA

Climatic Variations and Change

Chester F. Ropelewski, Climate Monitoring and Dissemintation, USA

Causes of Climatic Variation

Chester F. Ropelewski, Climate Monitoring and Dissemintation, USA

Climatic Instability and Predictability

Chester F. Ropelewski, Climate Monitoring and Dissemintation, USA

3. Climate System and Climate Factors

John M. Wallace, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, USA

Climate System Components and Interactions

John M. Wallace, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, USA

Solar Radiation

John M. Wallace, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, USA

Role of General Circulation in Climate Formation

John M. Wallace, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, USA

Influence of Ocean and Continent Distribution on Climate

John M. Wallace, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, USA

Effects of Topography on Climate

John M. Wallace, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, USA

Influence of Cryosphere on Climate

John M. Wallace, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, USA

4. Weather System and Weather Forecasting

George Vadimovich Gruza, Institute of Global Climate and Ecology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia

Air Mass and Fronts

Nataliya P. Shakina, Hydrometeorological Center of Russia, Russia

Cyclones and Anticyclones in Middle and High Latitudes

Nataliya P. Shakina, Hydrometeorological Center of Russia, Russia

Principal Weather Systems in Subtropical and Tropical Zones

Igor Georgievich Sitnikov, Hydrometeorological Center of Russia, Russia

Principal Weather Systems in Temperate and Continental Zones

Evgenil P. Veselov, Hydrometeorological Center of Russia, Russia

Principal Weather Systems in Polar Zones

Evgenil P. Veselov, Hydrometeorological Center of Russia, Russia

Short-term Weather Forecasting

Leopold Vladimirovich Berkovich, Hydrometeorological Center of Russia, Russia

Mikhail Yu. Bardin, Institute of Global Climate and Ecology, Russia

Long-term Weather Forecasting

Roman M. Vilfand, Hydrometeorological Center of Russia, Russia

Anatoly V. Muravev, Hydrometeorological Center of Russia, Russia

Scientific Weather Modification

Albert A. Chernikov, Central Aerological Observatory, Russia

Yuriy V. Melnichuk, Central Aerological Observatory, Russia

Nina Alexandrovna Zaitseva, Division of the Earth Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia